The Journal of Speculative Philosophy, Vol. I, Nos. 1-4, 1867Various
Philosophy
The Journal of Speculative Philosophy, Vol. I, Nos. 1-4, 1867
Various
Philosophy -- Periodicals
45. Thus God alone (or the necessary Being) possesses this privilege,
that he must exist if possible; and since nothing can hinder the
possibility of that which includes no bounds, no negation, and
consequently no contradiction, that alone is sufficient to establish the
existence of God _a priori_. We have likewise proved it by the reality
of eternal truths. But we have also just proved it _a posteriori_ by
showing that, since contingent beings exist, they can have their
ultimate and sufficient reason only in some necessary Being, who
contains the reason of his existence in himself.
46. Nevertheless, we must not suppose, with some, that eternal verities,
being dependent upon God, are arbitrary, and depend upon his will, as
Des Cartes, and afterward M. Poiret, appear to have conceived. This is
true only of contingent truths, the principle of which is fitness, or
the choice of the best; whereas necessary truths depend solely on His
understanding, and are its internal object.
47. Thus God alone is the primitive Unity, or the simple original
substance of which all the created or derived Monads are the products;
and they are generated, so to speak, by continual fulgurations of the
Divinity, from moment to moment, bounded by the receptivity of the
creature, of whose existence limitation is an essential condition.
48. In God is _Power_, which is the source of all; then Knowledge, which
contains the detail of Ideas; and, finally, Will, which generates
changes or products according to the principle of optimism. And this
answers to what, in created Monads, constitutes the subject or the
basis, the perceptive and the appetitive faculty. But in God these
attributes are absolutely infinite or perfect, and in the created
Monads, or in the Entelechies (or _perfectihabiis_, as Hermolaus
Barbarus translates this word), they are only imitations according to
the measure of their perfection.
49. The creature is said to act externally, in so far as it possesses
perfection, and to suffer from another (creature) so far as it is
imperfect. So we ascribe action to the Monad, so far as it has distinct
perceptions, and passion, so far as its perceptions are confused.
50. And one creature is more perfect than another, in this: that we find
in it that which serves to account _a priori_ for what passes in the
other; and it is therefore said to act upon the other.
51. But in simple substances this is merely an ideal influence of one
Monad upon another, which can pass into effect only by the intervention
of God, inasmuch as in the ideas of God one Monad has a right to demand
that God, in regulating the rest from the commencement of things, shall
have regard to it; for since a created Monad can have no physical
influence on the interior of another, it is only by this means that one
can be dependent on another.
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