The Journal of Speculative Philosophy, Vol. I, Nos. 1-4, 1867Various
Philosophy
The Journal of Speculative Philosophy, Vol. I, Nos. 1-4, 1867
Various
Philosophy -- Periodicals
From the possibility of an Ego, we have thus deduced the necessity of a
_general limitedness_ of the Ego. But the _determinedness_ of this
limitedness cannot be deduced, since it is, as we have seen, that which
conditions all Egoness. Here, therefore, all deduction is at an end.
This _determinedness_ appears as the absolutely accidental, and
furnishes the _merely empirical_ of our knowledge. It is this
determinedness, for instance, by virtue of which I am, amongst all
possible rational beings, a _man_, and amongst all men this _particular_
person, &c., &c.
This, my limitation, in its determinedness, manifests itself as a
limitation of my practical power (here philosophy is therefore driven
from the theoretical to the practical sphere); and the immediate
perception of this limitation is a _feeling_ (I prefer to use this word
instead of Kant’s “_sensation_,” for feeling only becomes sensation by
being related in thinking to an object); for instance, the feeling of
sweet, red, cold, &c.
To forget this original feeling, leads to a bottomless transcendental
idealism, and to an incomplete philosophy, which cannot explain the
simply sensible predicates of objects. Now, the endeavor to explain this
original feeling from the causality of a _something_, is the dogmatism
of the Kantians, which I have just shown up, and which they would like
to put on Kant’s shoulders. This, their something, is the everlasting
thing _per se_. All _transcendental_ explanation, on the contrary, stops
at the immediate feeling, from the reason just pointed out. It is true,
the _empirical_ Ego, which transcendental idealism observes, explains
this feeling to itself by the law, “No limitation without a limiting;”
and thus, through contemplation of the limiting, produces extended
matter, of which it now, as of its ground, predicates the merely
subjective sensation of feeling; and it is only by virtue of this
synthesis that the Ego makes itself an object. The continued analysis
and the continued explanation of its own condition, give to the Ego its
own system of a universe; and the observation of the laws of this
explanation gives to the philosopher his science. It is here that Kant’s
_Realism_ is based, but his Realism is a _transcendental idealism_.
This whole determinedness, and hence also the total of feelings which it
makes possible, is to be regarded as _a priori_—i. e. absolutely,
without any action of our own—determined. It is Kant’s _receptivity_,
and a particular of this receptivity is an _affection_. Without it,
consciousness is unexplainable.
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