The journal of the American-Irish Historical Society, Vol. VII, 1907Various
History
The journal of the American-Irish Historical Society, Vol. VII, 1907
Various
American-Irish Historical Society -- Periodicals; Ethnology -- United States -- Periodicals; Irish Americans -- Periodicals
As Prendergast relates in his _Cromwellian Settlement of Ireland_, they
had agents actively engaged throughout Ireland, “who were authorized by
Parliament to seize women, orphans and the destitute to be transported
to Barbadoes and the plantations of Virginia.” Among the destitute were
those whose ancient properties had been confiscated by the crown and
many of whom had become wanderers over the stricken island, or had
become inmates of the workhouses. “The commissioners for Ireland,” says
Prendergast, “issued orders to the governors of garrisons to deliver all
prisoners of war; to the jail-keepers for all offenders in their
custody; to the masters of workhouses for the destitute in their care,
and gave directions to all in authority to seize those who had no
visible means of livelihood and deliver them to the British agents.” All
unfortunates who were thus caught were quickly conducted to the
waterside and there herded like so many cattle until such time as a
sufficient number had been gathered in to embark them on board some ship
bound for the West Indies or the coast of Virginia.
Some of the English adventurers in Ireland also engaged in the business
of man-hunting on their own account, and we find from the records of
Virginia that on April 12, 1621, Sir William Newce, an English officer
who resided in the County of Cork, wrote to the governor “offering to
transport two thousand persons to Virginia.” The same records indicate
that Daniel Gookin, an Irish Quaker merchant of Cork City, was in the
business of transporting cattle from Ireland to Virginia. On one
occasion, he came in person to the colony, and, seeing the probable
advantages of a permanent settlement in the country, he sailed from Cork
in the _Flying Harte_ with a large number of his countrymen, who, we are
told, “were exceedingly well furnished with all sorts of provisions and
cattle,” and landed at Newport News in November, 1621.
Notwithstanding that the records of Virginia say that this large colony
came from Ireland, they are referred to by historians, who at all make
reference to them, as “English.” The fact that they were so “well
furnished” would also indicate that Ireland sent forth other colonizers
to America in those early days besides the “convicts” and the
“destitute.”
In the “Records of the London Company” (the Proprietors of Virginia),
Daniel Gookin is mentioned as having undertaken “to transport great
multitudes of people and cattle to Virginia,” and as having “received
patents for 300 people.” The records do not state from where this large
colony came, but, from the fact that their leader had formerly been a
merchant in the city of Cork, from where his first contingent sailed, it
is entirely within the bounds of probability that the second colony was
largely, if not entirely, composed of Munstermen.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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