observations, without grounding any motion on them. [123] He had just returned from N. Y. hav^g left y^e Convention a few days after it commenced business.--Madison's Note. M^r Randolph favored the commitment though he did not expect much benefit from the expedient. He animadverted on the warm & rash language of M^r Bedford on Saturday; reminded the small States that if the large States should combine some danger of which he did not deny there would be a check in the revisionary power of the Executive, and intimated that in order to render this still more effectual, he would agree that in the choice of an Executive each State should have an equal vote. He was persuaded that two such opposite bodies as M^r Morris had planned, could never long co-exist. Dissentions would arise, as has been seen even between the Senate and H. of Delegates in Maryland, appeals would be made to the people; and in a little time commotions would be the result--He was far from thinking the large States could subsist of themselves any more than the small; an avulsion would involve the whole in ruin, and he was determined to pursue such a scheme of Government as would secure us ag^{st} such a calamity. M^r Strong was for the co[~m]itment; and hoped the mode of constituting both branches would be referred. If they should be established on different principles, contentions would prevail, and there would never be a concurrence in necessary measures. Doc^r Williamson. If we do not concede on both sides, our business must soon be at an end. He approved of the co[~m]itment, supposing that as the Com^e w^d be a smaller body, a compromise would be pursued with more coolness. M^r Wilson objected to the Committee, because it would decide according to that very rule of voting which was opposed on one side. Experience in Cong^s had also proved the inutility of Committees consisting of members from each State. M^r Lansing w^d not oppose the commitment, though expecting little advantage from it. M^r Madison opposed the Co[~m]itment. He had rarely seen any other effect than delay from _such_ Committees in Cong^s. Any scheme of compromise that could be proposed in the Committee might as easily be proposed in the House; and the report of the Committee where it contained merely the _opinion_ of the Com^e would neither shorten the discussion, nor influence the decision of the House. M^r Gerry was for the commitm^t. Something must be done, or we shall disappoint not only America, but the whole world. He suggested a consideration of the State we should be thrown into by the failure of the Union. We should be without an Umpire to decide controversies and must be at the mercy of events. What too is to become of our treaties--what of our foreign debts, what of our domestic? We must make concessions on both sides. Without these the Constitutions of the several States would never have been formed. On the question "for co[~m]iting," generally: