Executive or Judiciary shall be attested & exemplified under the seal thereof, such attestation and exemplification, shall be deemed in other States as full proof of the existence of that act--and its operation shall be binding in every other State, in all cases to which it may relate, and which are within the cognizance and jurisdiction of the State, wherein the said act was done." On the question for committing Art: XVI with M^r Pinkney's motion N. H. no. Mas. no. C^t ay. N. J. ay. P^a ay. Del. ay. M^d ay. V^a ay. P^a ay. N. C. ay. S. C. ay. Geo. ay. The motion of M^r Randolph was also committed nem: con: M^r Gov^r Morris moved to commit also the following proposition on the same subject. "Full faith ought to be given in each State to the public acts, records, and judicial proceedings of every other State; and the Legislature shall by general laws, determine the proof and effect of such acts, records, and proceedings" and it was committed nem. contrad: The Committee appointed for these references, were M^r Rutlidge, M^r Randolph, M^r Gorham, M^r Wilson, & M^r Johnson. M^r Dickenson mentioned to the House that on examining Blackstone's Commentaries, he found that the term "ex post facto" related to criminal cases only; that they would not consequently restrain the States from retrospective laws in civil cases, and that some further provision for this purpose would be requisite. Art: VII Sect. 6 by y^e Co[~m]ittee of eleven reported to be struck out (see the 24 instant) being now taken up. M^r Pinkney moved to postpone the Report in favor of the following proposition--"That no act of the Legislature for the purpose of regulating the commerce of the U. S. with foreign powers among the several States, shall be passed without the assent of two thirds of the members of each House." He remarked that there were five distinct commercial interests. 1. the fisheries & W. India trade, which belonged to the N. England States. 2. the interest of N. York lay in a free trade. 3. Wheat & flour the Staples of the two middle States (N. J. & Penn^a). 4. Tob^o the staple of Maryl^d & Virginia & partly of N. Carolina. 5. Rice & Indigo, the staples of S. Carolina & Georgia. These different interests would be a source of oppressive regulations if no check to a bare majority should be provided. States pursue their interests with less scruple than individuals. The power of regulating commerce was a pure concession on the part of the S. States. They did not need the protection of the N. States at present. M^r Martin 2^{ded} the motion.