The Journal of the Debates in the Convention which Framed the Constitution of the United States, May-September 1787. Volume 2Madison, James
History
The Journal of the Debates in the Convention which Framed the Constitution of the United States, May-September 1787. Volume 2
Madison, James
Constitutional law -- United States; Constitutions -- United States; United States. Constitution
M^r King admitted there might be some danger of giving an advantage to
the Central States; but he was of opinion that the public inconveniency
on the other side was more to be dreaded.
M^r Gov^r Morris moved to fix the quorum at 33 members in the H. of
Rep^s & 14 in the Senate. This is a majority of the present number, and
will be a bar to the Legislature: fix the number low and they will
generally attend knowing that advantage may be taken of their absence,
the Secession of a small number ought not to be suffered to break a
quorum. Such events in the States may have been of little consequence.
In the national Councils they may be fatal. Besides other mischiefs, if
a few can break up a quorum, they may seize a moment when a particular
part of the Continent may be in need of immediate aid, to extort, by
threatening a secession, some unjust & selfish measure.
M^r Mercer 2^{ded} the motion.
M^r King said he had just prepared a motion which instead of fixing the
numbers proposed by M^r Gov^r Morris as Quorums, made those the lowest
numbers, leaving the Legislature at liberty to increase them or not. He
thought the future increase of members would render a majority of the
whole extremely cumbersome.
M^r Mercer agreed to substitute M^r King's motion in place of M^r
Morris's.
M^r Elseworth was opposed to it. It would be a pleasing ground of
confidence to the people that no law or burden could be imposed on them
by a few men. He reminded the movers that the Constitution proposed to
give such a discretion with regard to the number of Representatives that
a very inconvenient number was not to be apprehended. The inconveniency
of secessions may be guarded ag^{st} by giving to each House an
authority to require the attendance of absent members.
M^r Wilson concurred in the sentiments of M^r Elseworth.
M^r Gerry seemed to think that some further precautions than merely
fixing the quorum might be necessary. He observed that as 17 w^d be a
majority of a quorum of 33, and 8 of 14, questions might by possibility
be carried in the H. of Rep^s by 2 large States, and in the Senate by
the same States with the aid of two small ones.--He proposed that the
number for a quorum in the H. of Rep^s should not exceed 50, nor be less
than 33, leaving the intermediate discretion to the Legislature.
M^r King. As the quorum could not be altered with^t the concurrence of
the President by less than 2/3 of each House, he thought there could be
no danger in trusting the Legislature.
M^r Carrol. This would be no security ag^{st} a continuance of the
quorums at 33 & 14. when they ought to be increased.
On question on M^r King's motion "that not less than 33 in the H. of
Rep^s nor less than 14 in the Senate sh^d constitute a Quorum which may
be increased by a law, on additions of the members in either House.
N. H. no. Mass. ay. C^t no. N. J. no. P^a no. Del. ay. M^d no.
V^a no. N. C. no. S. C. no. Geo. no.
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