The Kashf al-mahjúb: The oldest Persian treatise on SúfiismHujviri, ‘Ali ibn ‘Usman
Islamic
The Kashf al-mahjúb: The oldest Persian treatise on Súfiism
Hujviri, ‘Ali ibn ‘Usman
Sufism -- Early works to 1800
Shaykh begged leave and took his departure, saying to me: ‘Go, for thou
art blest.’ On our return to Tirmidh, I asked him what was that place
and who was that man. He told me that the place was the Desert of the
Israelites (_tíh-i Baní Isrá´íl_) and that the man was the _Quṭb_ on
whom the order of the universe depends. ‘O Shaykh,’ I said, ‘how did we
reach the Desert of the Israelites from Tirmidh in such a brief time?’
He answered: ‘O Abú Bakr, it is thy business to arrive (_rasídan_), not
to ask questions (_pursídan_).’“ This is a mark, not of intoxication,
but of sanity.
Now I will mention some miracles and stories of the Ṣúfís, and link
thereto certain evidence which is to be found in the Book (the Koran).
_Discourse concerning their Miracles._
The reality of miracles having been established by logical argument, you
must now become acquainted with the evidence of the Koran and the
genuine Traditions of the Apostle. Both Koran and Tradition proclaim the
reality of miracles and extraordinary acts wrought by saints. To deny
this is to deny the authority of the sacred texts. One example is the
text, ”_And We caused the clouds to overshadow you and the manna and the
quails to descend upon you_” (Kor. ii, 54). If any sceptic should assert
that this was an evidentiary miracle (_mu`jizat_) of Moses, I raise no
objection, because all the miracles of the saints are an evidentiary
miracle of Muḥammad; and if he says that this miracle was wrought in the
absence of Moses, although it occurred in his time, and that therefore
it was not necessarily wrought by him, I reply that the same principle
holds good in the case of Moses, when he quitted his people and went to
Mount Sinai, as in the case of Muḥammad; for there is no difference
between being absent in time and being absent in space. We are also told
of the miracle of Áṣaf b. Barkhiyá, who brought the throne of Bilqís to
Solomon in the twinkling of an eye (Kor. xxvii, 40). This cannot have
been a _mu`jizat_, for Áṣaf was not an apostle; had it been a
_mu`jizat_, it must have been wrought by Solomon: therefore it was a
_karámat_. We are told also of Mary that whenever Zacharias went into
her chamber he found winter fruits in summer and summer fruits in
winter, so that he said: “_‘Whence hadst thou this?’ She answered, ‘It
is from God’_” (Kor. iii, 32). Everyone admits that Mary was not an
apostle. Furthermore, we have the story of the men of the cave (_aṣḥáb
al-kahf_), how their dog spoke to them, and how they slept and turned
about in the cave (Kor. xviii, 17). All these were extraordinary acts,
and since they certainly were not a _mu`jizat_, they must have been a
_karámat_. Such miracles (_karámat_) may be, for example, the answering
of prayers through the accomplishment of wishes conceived by one who is
subject to the religious law (_ba-ḥuṣúl-i umúr-i mawhúm andar zamán-i
taklíf_), or the traversing of great distances in a short time, or the
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
Reviews
Reviews
No reviews yet
Be the first to share your thoughts on this work.
Elsewhere in the archive
Join the Discussion
Join the discussion
Sign in to leave a comment or review.
Sign InorCreate an account