The Kashf al-mahjúb: The oldest Persian treatise on SúfiismHujviri, ‘Ali ibn ‘Usman
Islamic
The Kashf al-mahjúb: The oldest Persian treatise on Súfiism
Hujviri, ‘Ali ibn ‘Usman
Sufism -- Early works to 1800
Moses, while his attributes were subsistent, said, “_I
repent towards Thee_” (Kor. vii, 140), but the Apostle, while his
attributes were annihilated, said, “I cannot tell Thy praise.” Inasmuch
as it behoves the penitent not to remember his own selfhood, how should
he remember his sin? Indeed, remembrance of sin is a sin, for sin is an
occasion of turning away from God, and so is the remembrance of it or
the forgetting of it, since both remembrance and forgetfulness are
connected with one’s self. Junayd says: “I have read many books, but I
have never found anything so instructive as this verse:—
‘_Idhá qultu má adhnabtu qálat mujíbat^{an}
ḥayátuka dhanb^{un} lá yuqásu bihi dhanbu._’
When I say: ‘What is my sin?’ she says in reply:
‘Thy existence is a sin with which no other sin can be compared.’“
In short, repentance is a Divine strengthening and sin is a corporeal
act: when contrition (_nadámat_) enters the heart the body has no means
of expelling it; and as in the beginning no human act can expel
repentance, so in the end no human act can maintain it. God hath said:
”_And He turned_ (tába) _unto him_ (Adam), _for He is the Disposer
towards repentance_ (al—tawwáb), _the Merciful_” (Kor. ii, 35). The
Koran contains many texts to the same effect, which are too well known
to require citation.
Footnote 147:
Cf. Kor. lxvi, 8.
Footnote 148:
Cf. Kor. l, 32.
Footnote 149:
Cf. Kor. xxxviii, 44.
Footnote 150:
Text, قهشميان. See Shahristání, Haarbrücker’s translation, i, 80.
Repentance is of three kinds: (1) from what is wrong to what is right,
(2) from what is right to what is more right, (3) from selfhood to God.
The first kind is the repentance of ordinary men; the second kind is the
repentance of the elect; and the third kind of repentance belongs to the
degree of Divine love (_maḥabbat_). As regards the elect, it is
impossible that they should repent of sin. Do not you perceive that all
the world feel regret for having lost the vision of God? Moses desired
that vision and repented (Kor. vii, 140), because he asked for it with
his own volition (_ikhtiyár_), for in love personal volition is a taint.
The people thought he had renounced the vision of God, but what he
really renounced was his personal volition. As regards those who love
God, they repent not only of the imperfection of a station below the
station to which they have attained, but also of being conscious of any
“station” or “state” whatsoever.
SECTION.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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