He was not able to ascend higher than 8000 feet, but on a succeeding visit in December, 1862, he attained an altitude of 10,500 feet, although on neither occasion did he approach anywhere near the snow. He made, however, an admirable survey of the whole southern slope of the mountain, which is still and has been our chief authority for the delineation of Kilima-njaro on the map. His researches were rather added to than superseded by the journeys of Thomson and myself. Von der Decken calculated the height of the two great peaks, Kibô and Kimawenzi, and considerably reduced the exaggerated estimate of their respective altitudes. He, however, erred slightly in under-estimating the height of Kibô, which he gives as only 18,700. My own observations make it 18,800, and Thomson gives it as 18,880. Von der Decken (still traditionally known on the mountain as the “Baroni”) received the gold medal of the Royal Geographical Society for his careful surveys of Kilima-njaro and its vicinity. In 1871, the Rev. Charles New, a missionary, who had been sent out to East Africa by the United Methodist Free Church Mission, made a journey to Moši, in Čaga, and thence ascended Kilima-njaro to the verge of the snow, reaching an altitude of about 14,500 feet. He spent the month of August on the mountain, but did not go over much new ground. Encouraged by his pleasant experiences during this trip and filled with a craving for further exploits in the same field of fascinating mystery, he returned to Čaga two years later, with the intention of pursuing his investigations. But this time his former host, Mandara, chief of Moši, disappointed in the quantity and quality of the presents brought to him by Mr. New, robbed the explorer of nearly all he possessed, including his gold chronometer (given him by the Royal Geographical Society) and his silver aneroid. Then poor New, broken-hearted, and sick with anxiety and fatigue, turned his steps towards the coast, and died ere he reached Mombasa. I have an impression from what Mandara himself has told me, that his animosity and rapacity were aroused with respect to New by the latter’s too vehement and perhaps injudicious harangues against slavery. Mandara declared that Mr. New had incited openly his subjects to rebel against him, but this I think highly improbable. It is possible that the missionary inveighed against slavery in such a way that Mandara dreaded lest his utterances should have the effect of arousing his serfs to a wish for freedom, and that he therefore robbed him and cast him out of his kingdom. This view of the case is supported by the accounts given by an old friend of New’s, Kapitau, an intelligent and pleasant-mannered coast trader, with whom I have had much conversation. This man retains an earnest respect for the missionary, and accuses Mandara of having wished to poison him.