PAGE NORTHERN LITERATURE IN THE THIRTEENTH CENTURY 1 THE SPECULUM REGALE, OR KING’S MIRROR; SOURCES 6 SCIENTIFIC LORE AND THE BELIEF IN MARVELS 11 COURTESY AND THE KING’S HOUSEHOLD 26 THE THEORY OF THE DIVINE RIGHT OF NORWEGIAN 33 KINGSHIP ETHICAL AND THEOLOGICAL IDEAS OF THE WORK 49 MODERN CHARACTERISTICS OF THE KING’S MIRROR 53 THE PROBLEM OF AUTHORSHIP 54 DATE AND PLACE OF COMPOSITION 59 EDITIONS OF THE KING’S MIRROR 65 THE KING’S MIRROR I. INTRODUCTION: NAME AND PURPOSE OF THE WORK 72 II. “THE FEAR OF THE LORD IS THE BEGINNING OF WISDOM” 76 III. THE ACTIVITIES AND HABITS OF A MERCHANT 79 IV. THE SAME SUBJECT CONTINUED 81 V. THE SUN AND THE WINDS 86 VI. THE TIDES AND THE CHANGES IN THE COURSE OF THE SUN 92 VII. THE SUBJECT OF THE SUN’S COURSE CONTINUED 95 VIII. THE MARVELS OF NORWAY 99 IX. POPULAR DOUBT AS TO THE GENUINENESS OF MARVELS 102 X. THE NATURAL WONDERS OF IRELAND 105 XI. IRISH MARVELS WHICH HAVE MIRACULOUS ORIGINS 111 XII. THE MARVELS OF THE ICELANDIC SEAS: WHALES; THE 119 KRAKEN XIII. THE WONDERS OF ICELAND 126 XIV. THE VOLCANIC FIRES OF ICELAND 130 XV. OTHER ICELANDIC WONDERS: ORE AND MINERAL SPRINGS 133 XVI. THE MARVELS OF THE WATERS ABOUT GREENLAND: 135 MONSTERS, SEALS, AND WALRUSES XVII. THE ANIMAL LIFE OF GREENLAND AND THE CHARACTER OF 141 THE LAND IN THOSE REGIONS XVIII. THE PRODUCTS OF GREENLAND 144 XIX. THE CLIMATE OF GREENLAND; THE NORTHERN LIGHTS 145 XX. THE SUBJECT OF THE NORTHERN LIGHTS CONTINUED 151 XXI. THE ZONES OF HEAT AND COLD 153 XXII. THE WINDS WITH RESPECT TO NAVIGATION 156 XXIII. THE PROPER SEASON FOR NAVIGATION. END OF THE FIRST 161 PART XXIV. INTRODUCTION TO THE SECOND PART: THE KING AND HIS 162 COURT XXV. THE IMPORTANCE OF COURTESY IN THE ROYAL SERVICE 165 XXVI. THE ADVANTAGES DERIVED FROM SERVICE IN THE KING’S 167 HOUSEHOLD XXVII. THE VARIOUS CLASSES AMONG THE KINGSMEN 170