The downfall of the Templars--The cause thereof--The Grand Master comes to Europe at the request of the Pope--He is imprisoned, with all the Templars in France, by command of king Philip--They are put to the torture, and confessions of the guilt of heresy and idolatry are extracted from them--Edward III., king of England, stands up in defence of the Templars, but afterwards persecutes them at the instance of the Pope--The imprisonment of the Master of the Temple and all his brethren in England--Their examination upon eighty-seven horrible and ridiculous articles of accusation before foreign inquisitors appointed by the Pope--A council of the church assembles at London to pass sentence upon them--The curious evidence adduced as to the mode of admission into the order, and of the customs and observances of the fraternity--The Templars in France having revoked their rack-extorted confessions, are treated as relapsed heretics, and burnt at the stake--Solitary confinement of the Templars in England in separate dungeons--Torture--Confessions and recantations--The Master of the Temple at London dies in the Tower--The Grand Master is burnt at the stake--The abolition of the order and disposal of its property. Grant of the Temple at London to a body of lawyers--Introduction into the profession of the law of an order of knights and serving-brethren 236 INTRODUCTION. “Go forth to battle and employ your substance and your persons for the advancement of God’s religion. Verily, God loveth those who fight for his religion in battle array.”--KORAN, _chapter 56, entitled_ BATTLE ARRAY. “O Prophet, stir up the faithful to war! If twenty of you persevere with constancy they shall overcome two hundred, and if there be one hundred of you they shall overcome one thousand of those who believe not.”--_Chapter 8, entitled_ THE SPOILS. “Verily, if God pleased, he could take vengeance on the unbelievers without your assistance, but he commandeth you to fight his battles that he may prove the one of you by the other; and as to those who fight in defence of God’s true religion, God will not suffer their works to perish.”--KORAN, _chapter 47, entitled_ WAR. To be propagated by the sword was a vital principle of Mahommedanism. War against infidels for the establishment and extension of the faith was commanded by the Prophet, and the solemn injunction became hallowed and perpetuated by success.