The Lake Dwellings of Ireland: Or ancient lacustrine habitations of Erin, commonly called crannogs.Wood-Martin, W. G. (William Gregory)
History
The Lake Dwellings of Ireland: Or ancient lacustrine habitations of Erin, commonly called crannogs.
Wood-Martin, W. G. (William Gregory)
Lake-dwellers and lake-dwellings -- Ireland
The interior of the structure was divided into two stories, _each
about four feet in height_ (plate III. figs. 1 and 2); its flat roof
was sixteen feet beneath the original surface; therefore, nearly
twenty-five feet of bog must have grown around it since its first
erection; a piece of a leather sandal,[55] a flint arrow-head and
wooden sword were found; the latter relic was quite perfect when dug
up, it was subsequently broken into two pieces, one of which--the
pointed end--may be seen in the Museum, R.I.A., and is here
represented (fig. 4); the portion remaining measures twenty-seven and
a-half inches in length, its greatest breadth being three inches.
[Illustration: Plate III.
Front, Side Elevation, Ground Plan, &c., of Crannog Hut, discovered at
Inver, Co. Donegal.]
The depth at which the hut was buried, and the flint and stone
implements found in it, seem to prove unquestionably its extreme
antiquity; added to which, upon the level of the floor, and extending
all around, were the corkers of a forest of hard wood trees that had
co-existed with the occupation of this structure. Wood, in large
masses, when either thoroughly immersed in water or buried under
ground, lasts longer in a semi-decomposed state than is generally
supposed, for calcined ends of timber antæ and rafters were dug out
from the pseudo site of Troy.[56]
[Illustration: Fig. 4.
Remaining Fragment of Wooden Sword found at Inver.]
At the time of Captain Mudge’s discovery, so little was known on the
subject of lake dwellings, that many were the conjectures floated in
connexion with this Donegal “find.” Now, however, this famous log
house is pronounced to be simply a very well preserved example of the
ordinary crannog hut of an extremely early period, _i.e._ of a time
when axe-heads of stone were still in use, and when metal, if known
at all, was so precious that ordinary weapons were occasionally at
least formed out of hard wood. That the structure in question occupied
a crannog will be sufficiently obvious to any inquirer who examines
the model of it preserved in the Royal Irish Academy. The stakes
represented _in situ_, to the left of the illustration (plate II.),
are plainly remains of the stockade, one timber of which appears in
the foreground; and, in the sides of the drain made to carry off the
water from the excavation, Captain Mudge observed a number of ends of
large oak logs placed in regular order, portion evidently of the usual
crannog foundation.[57]
[Illustration: Fig. 5.
Sketch of Ancient Floor in the townland of Cargaghoge, barony of Farney.
From A to B, 18 ft. 4 in.; from C to D, 17 ft. 6 in.; from B to E, 11
ft. 6 in.; F, fireplace; G, large tree stump; H, remains of posts; I,
dotted line showing ends of planks bared by the tenants.]
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