=28. EPOTVM= _B_ ET POTVM _C_ EPOTET _MFHILT_. _Epotet_ is supported by _Her_ XII 125 'quaeque uomit totidem fluctus totidemque resorbet' and Od XII 105-6 '[Greek: tris men gar t' aniêsin ep êmati, tris d' anaroibdei / deinon]'. Professor A. Dalzell points out in particular '[Greek: tris ... tris]' paralleling _ter ... ter_ in the present passage. But at _RA_ 740 Ovid wrote 'hic uomit epotas [_uarr_ et potat; hic potat; optatas; acceptas; aequoreas] dira Charybdis aquas'; and the corruption to _epotet_ seems much more probable than the inverse. Ovid elsewhere uses only the perfect participle of _epotare_. =29. LICENTIVS ERRANT.= Ovid is clearly imitating _Aen_ VII 557-58 (Juno to Allecto) 'te super aetherias _errare licentius_ auras / haud pater ille uelit, summi regnator Olympi', apparently the only other instance of _licentius_ in classical verse. =31-32= act as a bridge to the next major section of the poem, and do not in themselves contribute to what has been said. =31. INFRONDES= is a _hapax legomenon_. =32. HIC FRETA VEL PEDITI PERVIA REDDIT HIEMPS.= Other mentions of the sea's freezing at vii 7, _Tr_ II 196, III x 35-50 & V x 2, and _EP_ III i 15-16 (to the Pontus) 'tu glacie freta uincta tenes, et in aequore piscis / inclusus tecta saepe natauit aqua'. Parts of the Black Sea do in fact freeze: 'In winter, spurs of the Siberian anticyclone (clear, dry, high-pressure air mass) create a strong current of cold air, and the northwestern Black Sea cools down considerably, with regular ice formation' (article on "Black Sea", _Encyclopaedia Britannica_, Macropaedia vol. 2, pp. 1096-98 [Chicago: 1974]). =32. HIEMPS.= For the last one hundred years, the spelling given in editions of Latin texts has generally been _hiems_ (some exceptions are Palmer's _Heroides_, the Paravia Virgil, and Reynolds' editions of Seneca), but the spelling in the ancient manuscripts of Virgil is invariably _hiemps_. Munro's argument for this spelling seems unanswerable: 'obeying the almost unanimous testimony of our own [i.e. _O_ and _Q_ of Lucretius] and other good mss. we cannot but give _umerus_ _umor_ and the like: also _hiemps_. I have heard it asked what then is the genitive of _hiemps_; to which the best reply perhaps would be what is the perfect of _sumo_ or the supine of _emo_. The Latins wrote _hiemps_, as they wrote _emptum_ _sumpsi_ _sumptum_ and a hundred such forms, because they disliked _m_ and _s_ or _t_ to come together without the intervention of a _p_ sound; and our mss. all attest this: _tempto_ likewise is the only true form, which the Italians in the 15th century rejected for _tento_' (Lucretius ed. 4 vol. 1 p. 33).