shall have occasion to refer again to the powerful influence exercised by these great systems of semi-political, semi-religious Moslem freemasonry. Inside the rampart runs a narrow street, but this is often traversed by the walls of enclosures adjoining the houses below. The main feature in the public and private buildings of Kairwán is the wholesale appropriation of Roman materials,—Roman and Byzantine capitals, shafts, and friezes meet the eye in all directions. If you draw water, the well is reached by a perforated Roman column; the very stones of the corn- mills have a similar origin, and many of the slabs now bearing Arabic inscriptions are probably reversed Roman tablets. Most of these stones are believed to have come from the neighbouring ruins of Sabra, but the gorgeous pillars of the Great Mosque probably represent the architectural spoils of all North Africa. The streets of Kairwán are narrow, ill paved, and wholly devoid of any systematic arrangement. The main thoroughfare crosses the southern portion of the city from the Tanners’ Gate (Bab-el-Djelladín) to the Tunis Gate (Bab-el-Tunis), a distance of less than half a mile. [Illustration: GREAT MOSQUE OF SIDI AKBA—KAIRWAN] [Illustration: _Mosque of Sidi Okhba at Kairwán, from the Cloisters._] [Illustration: EXTERIOR OF GREAT MOSQUE, KAIRWÁN.] [Illustration: _Door of Prayer-Chamber, Great Mosque, Kairwán._] [Illustration: _Door of Prayer-Chamber, Great Mosque, Kairwán._] [Illustration: _Interior, Great Mosque, Kairwán._] [Illustration: _Interior, Great Mosque, Kairwán._]