Law -- England; Poor -- England; Poor laws -- England; Working class -- England
Maybe you could not find to-day an exact replica of Tom-all-Alone's;
certainly we have swept away acres of them, but it is still worth while to
read and remember such descriptions, if only to remind ourselves what the
poor have to suffer if the law remains powerless and inert in the
compulsory provision of decent housing. People grumble at State
interference, but they forget what made it necessary. Rampant
individualism led to housing workmen in the tailor's shop, described by
Alton Locke "a low lean-to room, stifling me with the combined odours of
human breath and perspirations, stale beer, the sweet sickly smell of gin,
and the sour and hardly less disgusting one of new cloth. On the floor,
thick with dust and dirt, scraps of stuff and ends of threads, sat some
dozen haggard, untidy, shoeless men, with a mingled look of care and
recklessness that made me shudder. The windows were tight closed to keep
out the cold winter air; and the condensed breath ran in streams down the
panes, chequering the dreary outlook of chimney-tops and smoke."
When we are wondering how far it is our right and duty to interfere
between a man and his house property or whether it is incumbent upon the
nation to take upon itself the burden of housing its people, it is useful
to look on these pictures of England in the glorious days of Queen
Victoria and Albert the Great and Good. The problems were there then, but
it was not the statesmen who saw them and urged their solution.
Nor was it only sentimental Radicals who painted in lurid colours the
horrible houses of the people. D'Israeli, in "Sybil," draws an eloquent
picture of the narrow lanes of the rural town of Marney, which might be
any country town of the South of England--the rubble cottages with gaping
chinks admitting every blast, with rotten timbers, yawning thatch letting
in the wind and wet, and open drains full of decomposing animal and
vegetable refuse, spreading out here and there with stagnant pools--these
things were common-places in the homes of rural England in 1845.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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