Havelok the Dane (Legendary character) -- Romances
_ou_ and _u_ sounds, observe _couþe, mouþe_, 112; _yow, now_, 160;
_wolde, fulde_, 354; _yw, nou_, 453; _bounden, wnden_, 545; _sowel,
couel_, 767; _low, ynow_, 903; _sowen, lowe_, 957; _strout, but_, 1039;
_þou, nou_, 1283; _doun, tun_, 1630; _crus, hous_, 1966; _wounde,
grunde_, 1978; _bowr, tour_, 2072; _spuse, huse_, 2912. _Lowe_, 1291,
2431, 2471, should rather be _lawe_, as in l. 2767. These hints will
probably suffice for the guidance of those who wish to follow up the
subject. It is evident that full dependence cannot be placed upon the
_exactness_ of the rimes.
[Footnote 37: “This _four accents_ I consider to be a wrong way
of stating the fact. . . The metre consists of four measures, each
generally, not always, of _two_ syllables, the first often _one_
syllable, the others often of _three_ syllables, and each measure
has generally more stress on the last than on any other, but the
accents or principal stresses in the verse are usually 2,
sometimes 3, perhaps never 4.” --A. J. Ellis. I need hardly add
that such a statement is more exact, and that I here merely use
the word _accent_ in the loose sense it often bears, viz. as
denoting the “stress,” more or less heavy, and sometimes
imperceptible, which is popularly supposed to belong to the last
syllable in a measure. I must request the reader to remember that
this present sketch of the metre is very slight and imperfect,
and worded in the usual not very correct popular language. For
more strict and careful statements the reader is referred to Mr
A. J. Ellis’s work on Early English Pronunciation. Until readers
have made themselves acquainted with that work, they will readily
understand what I _here_ mean by “accents;” afterwards, they can
easily adopt a stricter idea of its meaning.]
[Footnote 38: “You cannot scan this line in any way. This method
of doing it is quite impossible; it is a mere chopping to make a
verse like this. The line is corrupt. Omit _þat_, and you have
Of | a tal’ | ich you | wile telle
or better,
Of | a tal’ | ich wil|e telle.” --Ellis.]
[Footnote 39: The number is that of the _first_ line of the
pair.]
[Footnote 40: “You have omitted the curious _harde, krakede_,
567, here; it is only an assonance, not a mistake, I believe.”
--Ellis. But see note to l. 567.]
[Footnote 41: “On _i, e_ rhymes, see p. 271, last line and
following, of my Chap. IV. The _o, a_ depend on a provincialism,
and this applies to _sawe_, _wowe_; _beþe_, _rede_; _knaue_,
_plawe_; _sawe_, _hawe_; &c. _Bouth, oft_ is a case of assonance,
_bouth_ being _bought_, where properly the _ugh_ is the voiced
sound of Scotch _quh_, and easily passes into _f_. The assonance
is therefore nearly a rhyme. _Plattinde, gangande_ is probably a
scribal error. _Eir, toþer_ is certainly a mistake; read
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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