_Appendix_: Correspondence with the Foreign Office respecting the Interpretation of Article 23(h) of the Hague Regulations concerning Land Warfare 48 THIRD LECTURE: ADMINISTRATION OF JUSTICE AND MEDIATION WITHIN THE LEAGUE OF NATIONS 57 I. Administration of Justice within the League is a question of International Courts, but it is incorrect to assert that International Legislation necessitates the existence of International Courts 60 II. The Permanent Court of Arbitration created by the First Hague Peace Conference 61 III. The difficulties connected with International Administration of Justice by International Courts 62 IV. The necessity for a Court of Appeal above the International Court of First Instance 63 V. The difficulties connected with the setting up and manning of International Courts of Justice 64 VI. Details of a scheme which recommends itself because it distinguishes between the Court as a whole and the several Benches which would be called upon to decide the cases 65 VII. The advantages of the recommended scheme 67 VIII. A necessary provision for so-called complex cases of dispute 68 IX. A necessary provision with regard to the notorious clause _rebus sic stantibus_ 69 X. The two starting points for a satisfactory proposal concerning International Mediation by International Councils of Conciliation. Article 8 of the Hague Convention concerning Pacific Settlement of International Disputes. The Permanent International Commissions of the Bryan Peace Treaties 70 XI. Details of a scheme which recommends itself for the establishment of International Councils of Conciliation 72 XII. The question of disarmament 74 XIII. The assertion that States renounce their sovereignty by entering into the League 75 XIV. Conclusion: Can it be expected that, in case of a great conflict of interests, all the members of the League will faithfully carry out their engagements? 78 ALPHABETICAL INDEX 81 FIRST LECTURE THE AIMS OF THE LEAGUE OF NATIONS SYNOPSIS I. The purpose of the three Lectures is to draw attention to the links which connect the proposed League of Nations with the past, to the difficulties involved in the proposal, and to the way in which they can be overcome.