The Learned Lady in England, 1650-1760Reynolds, Myra
History
The Learned Lady in England, 1650-1760
Reynolds, Myra
Women -- Education -- Great Britain; Women -- Great Britain; Women authors, English
The only woman writer of plays of real importance in this period is
Susanna Centlivre.[197] She was the daughter of a Mr. Freeman of
Holbeach, Lincolnshire. He is said to have had a considerable estate
at the time of the Restoration, but being a zealous dissenter, he was
persecuted, his estates were confiscated, and he was obliged to seek
refuge in Ireland, where Susanna was born. Her early life is involved
in obscurity, but there cling to her name biographical details of
a picturesque and romantic sort, though of rather questionable
authenticity. Left an orphan at nine and subjected to the ill-usage
of a stepmother, the child, at twelve, finally escapes and makes her
way to London which she enters penniless, innocent, beautiful. She
is rescued by a Cambridge student, a Mr. Hammond, and disguised as
a boy she accompanies him to the University. Later she marries the
nephew of Stephen Fox, but is left a widow before she is sixteen. A
second marriage to a Mr. Carroll results in a second widowhood before
she is eighteen. At twenty her first tragedy is played at Drury Lane.
She appears soon after this as an actress in country theaters. Mrs.
Behn and Mrs. Haywood could ask no richer material for an adventure
novel. Then suddenly the scene changes. The buffeted Susanna marries
Mr. Centlivre, Queen Anne's chief pastry-cook, and settles down into
a comfortable, orderly, and apparently happy domestic life, of which,
however, we know in reality even less than of her early kaleidoscopic
career.[198] The events of her life are the presentation and
publication of her plays.
Before her marriage in 1706 she had begun the series of comedies of
which, between 1703 and 1722, she wrote seventeen. They were all
successful, and four of them, _The Gamester_ (1705), _The Busy Body_
(1709), _The Wonder: A Woman Keeps a Secret_ (1714), and _A Bold
Stroke for a Wife_ (1718), held a fairly prominent place on the stage
through the century.
In 1761 there was published a fine edition of her works in three
volumes. There is a preliminary address "To the World" in which an
anonymous woman endeavors to do justice to "The Manes of the never
to be forgotten Mrs. Centlivre." She thus recounts the difficulties
Mrs. Centlivre encountered as a female author:
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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