The Learned Lady in England, 1650-1760Reynolds, Myra
History
The Learned Lady in England, 1650-1760
Reynolds, Myra
Women -- Education -- Great Britain; Women -- Great Britain; Women authors, English
The low estimate of learning, in the first half of the seventeenth
century, as an appropriate pursuit for women, had as its natural
outcome a great decrease in the number of women who devoted
themselves to any form of scholarship. The names that remain to us
from this period as in any way connected with literature or learning
form a singularly inchoate list, interesting, for the most part,
because of the oddities it represents rather than because of any
solid achievements. Of considerable importance are several ladies
in the early years of the Stuarts who followed in the footsteps of
Lady Pembroke as patronesses of learning. The first of these was
Lady Bedford, who held her "graceful and brilliant little court"
at Twickenham Park between 1608 and 1618. Daniel, Drayton, Donne,
and Jonson were among those who celebrated her munificence. Though
Lady Bedford wrote verses she had no pronounced literary pursuits
of her own. Her "considerable and varied learning" went preferably
along antiquarian and horticultural lines. She collected medals
and pictures, and she designed a garden highly praised by Sir
William Temple. She is of importance chiefly because, in an age
when learning lived only as it found patrons, she was magnificent
in her hospitality to the poets.[65] Lady Mary Wroth was a niece
of Lady Pembroke and carried on the traditional family attitude
towards poets. Jonson's _Alchemist_ (1610) was dedicated to her, and
Chapman's _Iliad_ (1614) had a prefatory sonnet addressed to her.
She wrote _The Countess of Montgomerie's Urania_ (1621), in four
books, a work modeled on her uncle's _Arcadia_. A third patroness was
Elizabeth Spencer, wife of Sir George Carey. She was a kinswoman of
Edmund Spenser and he commemorated her for "the excellent favors" she
had granted him.
One of the most notable young women of the time of James I was
Elizabeth Jocelyn (1596-1622). She was brought up by her grandfather,
William Chaderton, Bishop of Lincoln. He was a friend of Sir
Anthony Coke and Lord Burleigh and naturally shared their ideas as
to education. The quick wit and remarkable memory of this little
granddaughter greatly pleased him and he took the utmost pains with
her education, training her carefully in "languages, history, and
some arts," but principally in "studies of piety." She died nine days
after the birth of her first child to whom she left _The Mother's
Legacie to her Unborne Childe_. The third edition came out in 1625,
an incorrect impression in 1684, and a reprint of the 1625 edition in
1852.[66] The little book contains a letter to her husband in which
she indicates her wishes in case the child should be a girl:
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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