Not without hesitation do I send forth this volume to the learned world. Regarded as an authentic memorial, the original text of the WALAM OLUM will require a more accurate rendering than I have been able to give it; while the possibility that a more searching criticism will demonstrate it to have been a fabrication may condemn as labor lost the pains that I have bestowed upon it. Yet even in the latter case my work will not have been in vain. There is, I trust, sufficient in the volume to justify its appearance, apart from the Red Score; and the latter, by means of this complete presentation, can now be assigned its true position in American archaeology, whatever that may be. CONTENTS. PAGE CHAPTER I.--§ 1. THE ALGONKIN STOCK 9 Scheme of its Dialects.--Probable Primitive Location. § 2. THE IROQUIS STOCK 13 The Susquehannocks--The Hurons--The Cherokees. CHAPTER II.--THE WAPANACHKI OR EASTERN ALGONKIN CONFEDERACY 19 The Confederated Tribes--The Mohegans--The Nanticokes.--The Conoys.--The Shawnees.--The Saponies.--The Assiwikalees. CHAPTER III.--THE LENAPE OR DELAWARES 33 Derivation of the Name Lenape.--The Three Sub-Tribes: the Minsi or Wolf, the Unami or Turtle, and the Unalachtgo or Turkey Tribes.--Their Totems.--The New Jersey Tribes: the Wapings, Sanhicans and Mantas.--Political Constitution of the Lenape.--Vegetable Food Resources.--Domestic Architecture.--Manufactures.--Paints and Dyes.--Dogs.-- Interments.--Computation of Time.--Picture Writing.-- Record Sticks.--Moral and Mental Character.--Religious Belief.--Doctrine of the Soul.--The Native Priests.-- Religious Ceremonies. CHAPTER IV.--THE LITERATURE AND LANGUAGE OF THE LENAPE 74 § 1. Literature of the Lenape Tongue.-- Campanius; Penn; Thomas; Zeisberger; Heckewelder; Roth; Ettwem; Grube; Dencke; Luckenbach; Henry; Vocabularies; a Native Letter. § 2. General Remarks on the Lenape. § 3. Dialects of the Lenape. § 4. Special Structure of the Lenape.--The Root and the Theme; Prefixes; Suffixes; Derivatives; Grammatical Notes. CHAPTER V.--HISTORICAL SKETCHES OF THE LENAPE 109 § 1. The Lenape as "Women." § 2. Recent Migrations of the Lenape. § 3. Missionary Efforts in the Provinces of Pennsylvania and New Jersey. CHAPTER VI.--MYTHS AND TRADITIONS OF THE LENAPE 130