[4] See Joseph Howse, _A grammar of the Cree Language_, p. 13, et al. (London, 1842) [5] In a note to Mr. Gowan's edition of George Alsop's _Province of Maryland_, pp. 117-121 (New York, 1869); also, in 1858, in an article "On the Identity of the Adastas, Minquas, Susquehannocks, and Conestogas," in the _Amer. Hist. Mag._, Vol. II, p. 294. [6] _Early Indian History on the Susquehanna_, p. 31. (Harrisburg, 1883). [7] _Megnwe_ is the Onondaga _yenkwe_, males, or men, _viri_, and was borrowed from that dialect by the Delawares, as a general term. Bishop Ettwein states that the Iroquois called the Delawares, Mohegans, and all the New England Indians _Agozhagduta_. [8] Bozman, _History of Maryland_, Vol. I, p. 167. [9] Heckewelder, _History of the Indian Nations_, p. 80. [10] Peter Jones, _History of the Ojibway Nation_, p. 32. [11] _Relation da Jesuites_, 1637, p. 154. The Hurons, at that time, are stated to have had reliable traditions running back more than two hundred years. _Relation de 1639_, p. 50. [12] "The Cherokees had an oration, in which was contained the history of their migrations, which was lengthy." This tradition related "that they came from the upper part of the Ohio, where they erected the mounds on Grave Creek, and that they removed hither [to East Tennessee] from the country where Monticello is situated." This memory of their migrations was preserved and handed down by official orators, who repeated it annually, in public, at the national festival of the green corn dance. J. Haywood, _Natural and Aboriginal History of Tennessee_, pp. 224-237. (Nashville, 1823.) Haywood adds: "It is now nearly forgotten." I have made vain attempts to recover some fragments of it from the present residents of the Cherokee Nation. [13] _Indian Migrations as Evidenced by Language_, p. 22. [14] Prof. Thomas has shown beyond reasonable doubt that the Cherokees were mound builders within the historic period. [15] Loskiel, _Geschichte der Mission_, etc., p. 160; Heckewelder, _History of the Indian Nations_, p. 54. Bishop Ettwein states that the last Cherokees were driven from the upper Ohio river about 1700-10. His essay on the "Traditions and Languages of the Indian Nations," written for General Washington, in 1788, was first published in the _Bulletin of the Pa. Hist. Soc._, 1844. [16] Heckewelder, _Indian Nations_, pp. 88, 327. Mr. H. Hale, in _The Iroquois Book of Rites_, has fully explained the meaning and importance of the custom of "condolence." The Stockbridge Indian, Aupaumut, in his Journal, writes of the Delawares, that when they lose a relative, "according to ancient custom, long as they are not comforted, they are not to speak in public, and this ceremonie of comforting each other is highly esteemed among these nations." _Narrative of Hendrick Aupaumut_, in _Mems. Hist. Soc. Pa._, Vol. II, p. 99. CHAPTER II. THE WAPANACHKI OR EASTERN ALGONKIN CONFEDERACY.