[226] Schoolcraft says of the Chipeway pictographic symbols: "The turtle is believed to be, in all instances, a symbol of the earth, and is addressed as mother." _History and Statistics of the Indian Tribes_, Vol. I, p. 390. [227] Zeisberger, MSS, in E. de Schweinitz, _Life and Times of Zeisberger_, pp. 218, 219; Heckewelder, _Indian Nations_, p. 253. [228] "The Indians call the American continent an island, believing it to be entirely surrounded by water." Heckewelder, _Hist. Indian Nations_, p. 250. [229] Ibid, p. 308. [230] Heckewelder, MSS in the Library of the American Philosophical Society. It is one of the points in favor of the authenticity of the WALAM OLUM that this halcyon epoch is mentioned in its lines, though no reference to it is contained in printed books relating to the Lenape legends. [231] Van der Donck, _Description of the New Netherlands_, _Coll. N. Y. Hist. Soc._, Ser. II, Vol. I, pp. 217-18. [232] _Life and Journal of the Rev. David Brainerd_, pp. 397, 425 (Edinburgh, 1826). [233] So we may understand Loskiel to mean when he says, "Das bringen sie ihren Kindern ebenfalls bey, und kleiden es in Bllder ein, um es noch eindrücklicher zu machen." _Geschichte der Mission_, etc., s. 32. I think Zeisberger, who was Loskiel's authority, meant _Bilder_ in its literal, not rhetorical, sense. [234] Charles Beatty, _Journal of a Two Months' Tour: with a View of Promoting Religion among the Frontier Inhabitants of Pennsylvania, and of Introducing Christianity among the Indians to the Westward of the Alleghgeny Mountains_, p. 27 (London, 1768). [235] Ibid, p. 91. [236] _Geschichte der Mission_, etc., p. 31. [237] The Mohegans seem also to have at one time had a sevenfold division. At least a writer speaks of the "seven tribes" into which those in Connecticut were divided. _Mass. Hist. Soc. Colls._, Vol. IX (I ser.), p. 90. [238] Charles Beatty, _Journal_, etc., p. 84. [239] _Relation des Jesuites_, 1648, p. 77. [240] _The Descent of Man_, p. 165, note. [241] Heckewelder, _Tran. Amer. Philos. Soc._, Vol. III, p. 388. [242] This legend was told by the Sac Chief Masco, to Major Marston, about 1819. See J. Morse, _Report on Indian Affairs_, p. 138. [243] This myth was obtained in 1812, from the Shawnees in Missouri (Schoolcraft, _Indian Tribes_, Vol. IV, p. 254), and independently in 1819, from those in Ohio (Mr. John Johnston, in _Trans. of the Amer. Antiq. Soc._, Vol. I, p. 273). Those of the tribe who now live on the Quapaw Reservation, Indian Territory, repeat every year a long, probably mythical and historical, chant, the words of which I have tried, in vain, to obtain. They say that to repeat it to a white man would bring disasters on their nation. I mention it as a piece of aboriginal composition most desirable to secure. [244] Published in the _Transactions of the American Philosophical Society_, 1st ser., Vol. IV, pp. 260, sqq.