The Lenni Lenape, or Delaware IndiansWalker, Edwin Robert
History
The Lenni Lenape, or Delaware Indians
Walker, Edwin Robert
Delaware Indians
the said Indian Sachemas and our heires and successors severally
and respectively and against all other Indian or Indians whatsoever
Claimeing or pretending to Claime any right Title or interest of in or
to the same shall and will warrant and forever defend by these presents
in witness whereof We have hereunto fixed our hands and seales this
eleaventh day of November Anno Dom 1703:
Coponakonkikon: X his marke (L. S.).
Hurkanntaman: X his marke (L. S.)
Chekanshakaman: X his marke (L. S.).
Kelalaman: X his marke (L. S.).”
Each nation had its boundaries, the lands within which were subdivided
between the tribes. These boundaries were generally marked by
mountains, rivers and lakes, and encroachments on their lands by
neighboring tribes were resented as a sort of poaching on their hunting
and fishing domains. There were, however, Indian paths which were
common highways through the territory of the various tribes, which,
later, in numerous instances, were widened into public roads, many of
which exist unto this day. The Indians freely traveled by these paths
from the ocean to the interior, especially to the ancient council fires
at Easton, Pennsylvania.
By 1757 the Delawares had become comparatively few and a conference
was held at Crosswicks with the view of settling matters in difference
between them and the inhabitants of the colony, and the legislature
appointed commissioners with power to inquire into the matter. Another
conference was held at Crosswicks in 1758, at which Teedyescung,
King of the Delawares, was present with a large number of Indians,
and progress was made. The Delawares asked that a tract of land in
Burlington county be bought for their occupancy for which they agreed
to release all their rights to lands in New Jersey. The legislature
appropriated £1600 to carry that project into effect and a tract of
land of about 3,000 acres was purchased for the purpose. This place
was called “Brotherton” and about 200 Indians located on it. In 1822
the remnant of the Delawares removed from New Jersey, the legislature
appropriating some $3,500 for the purchase of their new homes and
transportation to them. In 1832 an appropriation of $2,000, asked for
by the Delawares, was made in final extinguishment of all Indian claims
in New Jersey which arose out of the reservation to them of certain
hunting and fishing rights in the treaty of 1758. In acknowledgment
of the benefaction of New Jersey to the Delawares in 1822 their
representative, Bartholomew S. Calvin, himself an Indian, wrote a
letter to the legislature in which he said: “Not a drop of our blood
have you spilled in battle--not an acre of our land have you taken but
by our consent. They place the character of New Jersey in bold relief,
a bright example to those states within whose territorial limits our
brethren still remain. Nothing save benison can fall upon her from the
lips of a Lenno Lenape.”
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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