"11. Celandine--_chelidonium_. Tintern Abbey, about Whitsuntide, is one large white tapestry of celandine. When I visited Tintern, I was struck by the lush clustering growth of this flower in 1885. An old legend says that it is so called because the swallow cures the eyes of its young of blindness by application of this herb. "Certainly," says P. Xavier, Franciscan of the Holy Land, "it makes a good lotion for the eyes of the Leper, and is often used by us in France." "If I were to add here the history of the _quinquina_, or Jesuit's bark--is it not told us that the lions drank of a well into which chincona had fallen, and thus suggested the useful Jesuits' bark, or quinine?--it would take me into the seventeenth century, and be a little out of my track; but one word must be added on the girjan oil, the _dipterocarpus_ of quite modern days, which seems to have great vogue in Barbadoes. This I do because it is the product of a magnificent tropical tree, and the hospitals did not forget in the treatment of Leprosy the use of common trees." Isolation is the only known effectual way of stamping out the disease, by its means was the great diminution in the numbers of victims affected here, by the end of the 14th century, and the almost total and complete extinction of it in the middle of the 16th century, 1560. In 1350 at S. Julian's Lazar House, S. Alban's it is recorded that "the number of Lepers had so diminished, their maintenance was below the revenue of the institution; there are not now above three, sometimes only two, occasionally only one." In 1520 the Lazar House of S. Mary Magdalene, Ripon, founded in 1139, by Archbishop Thurstan, for the relief of the Lepers of the whole district, contained only two priests and five poor people to pray for all "Christen sowlez." Some parts of this Hospital, including the chapel and its altar _in situ_, remain. In 1553 at the Lazar House of SS. Mary and Erkemould, Ilford, Essex, founded by the Abbess of Barking, c. 1190, it is recorded that "instead of 13 pore men beying Lepers, two pryest, and one clerke thereof there is at this day but one pryest and two pore men." In Scotland the disease lingered till the middle of last century. A day for public thanksgiving for the supposed total deliverance of that country from the scourge of Leprosy, was enjoined, in 1742. The disease however was not quite extinct there; it may be now. We are told at the present day, there are 123,924 Lepers in Hawaii; and in India not less than 250,000, or a quarter of a million. There are also large numbers in Barbadoes, and in the Sandwich Islands. A striking and recent proof of the efficacy of isolation is seen in the fact, that in Norway there were 2,000 Lepers in 1867. That number has now been reduced to 700. There are probably not more than 20 Lepers in England at the present day.