The Library of Work and Play: HousekeepingGilman, Elizabeth Hale
General
The Library of Work and Play: Housekeeping
Gilman, Elizabeth Hale
Home economics
The use of your eye, sometimes of your hand, is required in judging the
condition of the food you are buying.
Meat which is without fat is probably tough. Fat of beef should be pale
yellow and dry, the lean, bright red and firm. Mutton, veal and pork
should have pure white fat, the lean of mutton should be bright red,
of veal, pink, of pork, a somewhat more delicate pink.
Chickens should have soft, moist, yellow feet, smooth, thick legs, and
tender skin. The end of the breastbone should be pliable. Plump, very
bright yellow chickens are fat and are better for stews or pot-pie than
for roasting.
Turkeys should have smooth, black legs and white, plump breasts. If the
flesh of their legs is purplish they are probably old.
Geese and ducks should have soft feet, hard breasts and pinkish beaks.
Fish in good condition have bright eyes and scales, stiff fins and
flesh so hard and firm that it will not retain the mark if pressed with
a finger.
It is not a difficult matter to tell whether fruit and vegetables are
fresh and good. When such things are wilted, withered, bruised or
lacking in firmness, they are not good for food unless they are merely
wilted as lettuce and asparagus sometimes are on a hot day, or when
they have been carried through the sun.
I know of no way of judging butter except by tasting it. There is
little also by which to judge eggs; their shells should not be shiny or
very smooth and they should feel both light and heavy--if you can tell
what I mean by that.
The last two questions on the marketing list are also usually
considered together. Both are really questions concerning quantity.
Food so often comes in quantities too large for one meal that it is
usually better to make menus for two days at one time and then revise
the second day's menu when the second day comes.
Under these questions of quantity comes a class of articles a little
different from those which we have just been mentioning: articles like
sugar, flour, salt, coffee, tea and the like, which are bought in
bulk. In what quantity it is wise to buy such things depends upon the
size of the household, the place where these articles may be kept, the
distance from the place where the supply can be renewed, the income of
the family and whether the housewife or a reliable servant dispenses
them for use. I think it is pretty generally admitted that households
which are living on small means do better to buy food supplies in small
quantities. The advantages of doing this are, that if the commodity is
injured in any way, the loss is small; that no large outlay of money is
required at any one time; that the smallness of the quantity possessed
is a continual guard against its lavish use. These advantages usually
amply offset the fact that it is a little cheaper and a little more
comfortable to buy in large quantities.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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