The Life and Genius of Nathaniel HawthorneStearns, Frank Preston
General
The Life and Genius of Nathaniel Hawthorne
Stearns, Frank Preston
Hawthorne, Nathaniel, 1804-1864; Novelists, American -- 19th century -- Biography
It is not necessary to repeat here what Hawthorne wrote concerning
Powers’ Webster. The statue stands in front of the State House at
Boston, and serves as a good likeness of the famous orator, but more
than that one cannot say for it. The face has no definable expression,
and those who have looked for a central motive in the figure will be
pleased to learn what it is by reading Hawthorne’s description of it, as
he saw it in Powers’ studio at Florence. A sculptor of the present day
can find no better study for his art than the attitudes and changes of
countenance in an eloquent speaker; but which of them can be said to
have taken advantage of this? Story made an attempt in his statue of
Everett, but even his most indulgent friends did not consider it a
success. His “George Peabody,” opposite the Bank of England, could not
perhaps have been altogether different from what it is.
What chiefly interested Story in his profession seems to have been the
modelling of unhappy women in various attitudes of reflection. He made a
number of these, of which his “Cleopatra” is the only one known to
fame, and in the expression of her face he has certainly achieved a high
degree of excellence. Neither has Hawthorne valued it too highly,--the
expression of worldly splendor incarnated in a beautiful woman on
the tragical verge of an abyss. If she only were beautiful! Here the
limitations of the statue commence. Hawthorne says, “The sculptor had
not shunned to give the full, Nubian lips and other characteristics of
the Egyptian physiognomy.”
Here he follows the sculptor himself, and it is remarkable that a
college graduate like William Story should have made so transparent
a mistake. Cleopatra was not an Egyptian at all. The Ptolemies were
Greeks, and it is simply impossible to believe that they would have
allied themselves with a subject and alien race. This kind of small
pedantry has often led artists astray, and was peculiarly virulent
during the middle of the past century. The whole figure of Story’s
“Cleopatra” suffers from it. Hawthorne says again, “She was draped from
head to foot in a costume minutely and scrupulously studied from that of
ancient Egypt.” In fact, the body and limbs of the statue are so closely
shrouded as to deprive the work of that sense of freedom of action
and royal abandon which greets us in Shakespeare’s and Plutarch’s
“Cleopatra.” Story might have taken a lesson from Titian’s matchless
“Cleopatra” in the Cassel gallery, or from Marc Antonio’s small woodcut
of Raphael’s “Cleopatra.”
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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