Transcriber’s Note: Italic text is denoted by _underscores_. Blackletter text is denoted =thus=. THE LIFE AND REIGN OF EDWARD I. [Illustration: EDWARD I. After the Engraving by Vertue, from the Statue at Carnarvon Castle.] THE LIFE AND REIGN OF EDWARD I. BY THE AUTHOR OF “THE GREATEST OF THE PLANTAGENETS.” Pactum Serva. SEELEY, JACKSON, & HALLIDAY, FLEET STREET, LONDON. MDCCCLXXII. LONDON: PRINTED BY SIMMONS & BOTTEN, Shoe Lane, E.C. PREFACE. The volume entitled “The Greatest of the Plantagenets,” was correctly described in its title‐page, as “an Historical Sketch.” Nothing more than this was contemplated by the writer. The compilation was made among the manuscripts of the British Museum, in the leisure mornings of one spring and summer; and so soon as a fair copy had been taken, it was handed to the printer. The work was regarded as little else than a contribution towards an accurate review of what is both the most interesting and the most neglected period of our English history. Its reception exceeded by far the author’s anticipations. Very naturally—it might be said, quite inevitably—many of those who admitted the general truth of the narrative, were ready to charge the writer with “partisanship,” and with taking a “one‐sided vie” of the question. It is not easy to see how this could have been avoided. A great literary authority has said, that the first requisite for a good biography is, that the writer should be possessed with an honest enthusiasm for his subject. And in the present case his chief object was to protest against what he deemed to be injustice. It was his sincere belief, that for about a century past an erroneous estimate of this great king’s character had been commonly presented to the English people. He endeavoured to show that this had been the case; to explain the causes, and to lead men’s minds to what he deemed to be the truth. Such a task could hardly be performed without giving large opportunity to an objector to exclaim, “You write in a partisan spirit.” When a new view of any passage in history is presented, many fair and honourable men, while they yield to the force of evidence, cannot help feeling some reluctance—some dislike to the sudden change of belief which is asked of them. Such men will often be found to object to the manner in which their old opinion has been assailed, even while they admit that that opinion was erroneous, and can no longer be maintained.