The Life of Captain James Cook, the CircumnavigatorKitson, Arthur
History
The Life of Captain James Cook, the Circumnavigator
Kitson, Arthur
Cook, James, 1728-1779; Explorers -- Great Britain -- Biography; Geographers -- Great Britain -- Biography
Cape Horn was passed on 29th December, and Cook made his longitude 68
degrees 13 minutes West, a little too far to the westward; it should be
67 degrees 16 minutes West. This is absolutely correct, according to
Wharton. On 1st January 1775 they landed on a small island off Staten
Island, and then put in to a fine sheltered harbour on the main island,
which consequently was named New Year Harbour. The weather proved
unfavourable for surveying, but enough was ascertained to convince them
that the Tierra del Fuego and Staten Island coasts were not so dangerous
to navigation as they had been represented.
On 3rd January they left to look for Dalrymple's Gulf of Sebastian, which
Cook thought was non-existent, and on the 6th they reached the position
given on the chart, but could find no signs of any land. Bearing up to
the north, Georgia Island was seen on the 14th, and was found to be
entirely covered with snow, creating surprise as it was now the height of
summer. The ship ran in between Georgia and Willis Islands, and
possession was formally taken of the group, though Cook did not think
that "any one would ever be benefited by the discovery." Working as far
south as 60 degrees, he turned to the east, being "tired of these high
southern latitudes where nothing was to be found but ice and thick fogs,"
and a long hollow swell coming from the westward convinced him that he
was correct in his assumption that the Gulf of Sebastian and a large body
of land did not exist. On the 30th two large islands were seen, and then
three rocky islets to the north; the largest was named Freezeland Peak,
after the sailor who sighted it, S. Freesland; and behind these was an
elevated coast which received the name of Southern Thule, as being the
most southerly land then discovered. The position of the ship was given
as 59 degrees 13 minutes 30 seconds South, 27 degrees 45 minutes West.
During the early part of February they ran down east between 58 and 59
degrees South, frequently having to throw the ship up into the wind to
shake the snow out of her sails, for the weather was very bad. After
another unsuccessful attempt to find Cape Circumcision, the ship's head
was turned towards the Cape of Good Hope on 23rd February, and Cook had
the satisfaction of feeling he had solved the problem of the
non-existence of any southern continent except in close proximity to the
Pole. He firmly believed from his observations of the icefields that such
a continent in the far south did exist, but he asserted that further
exploration in that direction would be of little service to navigation,
and would be hardly worth the cost and danger that must be incurred.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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