The Life of Captain James Cook, the CircumnavigatorKitson, Arthur
History
The Life of Captain James Cook, the Circumnavigator
Kitson, Arthur
Cook, James, 1728-1779; Explorers -- Great Britain -- Biography; Geographers -- Great Britain -- Biography
Sunday, 29th April, a bay was discovered, and the Master was sent in to
sound the entrance, the ship following closely, and soon the Endeavour
anchored for the first time in Australian waters, about two miles within
the entrance of Sting Ray, now Botany, Bay. (For note see below.) The
time when the name of the Bay was changed has been much disputed, but it
is probable it was done some time after leaving the place. It was called
Sting Ray on account of the big haul of that fish made soon after their
arrival and the name stands in all the logs; Banks refers to it under
that name in a general description of the country, written when leaving
Cape York. Cook is however, decisive, for under date 6th May he says:
"The great quantity of plants Mr. Banks and Dr. Solander found in this
place occasioned my giving it the name of Botany Bay."
On coming to an anchor, Cook, Banks, and Tupia went on shore, and Canon
Bennett, a second cousin of Mrs. Cook's, and one who knew her personally,
relates that the family legend was that on reaching the shore Cook
ordered the midshipman to "Jump out, Isaac," and Isaac Smith (afterwards
Admiral) also a cousin of Mrs. Cook's, was the first Englishman to set
his foot on the soil of New South Wales. The few natives who were near
ran away, excepting two, who came forward to oppose any landing. A musket
was fired over them, and they retired to where they had left their
spears, and then one threw a stone at the boat, and as they were too far
away for any serious damage to be done, Cook fired a charge of small shot
at him. He then ran off to a small hut near, picked up a wooden shield,
and returned to take up his position alongside his comrade, and they
threw a couple of spears, receiving a second discharge of small shot in
return, which caused them to retire slowly. As Banks, suspicious of some
gummy substance on the points of the spears, suggested poison, they were
not followed up. The huts, found near the landing-place, were constructed
of sticks covered with pieces of bark somewhat similar to those seen in
Tierra del Fuego. Some children found carefully covered up were left
undisturbed, but forty or fifty spears were taken, and payment in the
shape of beads, cloth, nails, etc., was left, but still untouched, on
visiting the camp the next morning. The canoes from which the natives
were seen fishing are described by Cook as the worst he ever saw, being
merely sheets of bark tied with withies at the end and kept open in the
middle by a stick.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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