The life of Cardinal Mezzofanti: With an introductory memoir of eminent linguists, ancient and modernRussell, Charles William
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The life of Cardinal Mezzofanti: With an introductory memoir of eminent linguists, ancient and modern
Russell, Charles William
Linguists; Mezzofanti, Giuseppe, 1774-1849
With the Slavonic race our Catalogue of Linguists closes. Many
particulars regarding the eminent names which it comprises are, of
necessity, left vague and undetermined. I should have especially
desired to distinguish, in all cases, between mere book knowledge of
languages and the power of writing, or still more of speaking, them. But
unfortunately the accounts which are preserved regarding these scholars
hardly ever enter into this distinction. Even Sir William Jones, though
he carefully classified the languages which he knew, did not specify
this particular; and in most other instances, the narrative, far from
particularizing, like that of Jones, the extent of the individual’s
acquaintance with each language, even leaves in uncertainty the number of
languages with which he was acquainted in any degree.
The very distribution, too, which I have found it expedient to
follow—according to nations—has had many disadvantages. But it seemed
to be upon the whole the most convenient that could be devised. A
distribution into periods, besides that it would have been difficult to
follow out upon any clear and intelligible principle, would have been
attended with the same disadvantages which characterize that according
to nations; while the more strictly philosophical distribution according
to ethnographical or philological schools, would have in great measure
failed to illustrate the object which I have chiefly had in view.
Several of the most eminent of the modern ethnographical writers, and
particularly Pritchard, disavow all claim to the character of linguists;
and the qualifications of many even of those whose pretensions seem the
highest, have, when submitted to a rigid examination, proved far more
than problematical.
* * * * *
There are many curious details, however, into which, if space permitted,
it would be interesting to pursue this inquiry.
It might seem natural, for instance, to investigate the nature and
extent of the Miraculous Gift of Languages—the γένη γλωσσῶν of St.
Paul—whether that possessed by the Apostles and other early teachers of
Christianity, or that ascribed in later times to the missionaries among
the Heathen, and especially to the great Apostle of India, St. Francis
Xavier. Materials are not wanting for such an investigation;[234] but as
it can hardly be said to bear upon the subject of this Biography, I have
reluctantly passed it by.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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