The life of Cardinal Mezzofanti: With an introductory memoir of eminent linguists, ancient and modernRussell, Charles William
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The life of Cardinal Mezzofanti: With an introductory memoir of eminent linguists, ancient and modern
Russell, Charles William
Linguists; Mezzofanti, Giuseppe, 1774-1849
Even the New World has supplied some names to this interesting catalogue.
The Mexican poetess, Juana Inez de la Cruz, better known as the “Nun of
Mexico,” (1651-95), a marvel of precocious knowledge, learned Latin in
twenty lessons, when a mere girl; and quickly became such a proficient
as to speak it with ease and fluency. Her acquisitions in general
learning were most various and extensive; and when on one occasion, in
her seventeenth year, forty learned men of Mexico were invited to dispute
with her, she proved a match for each in his own particular department.
All these accomplishments, notwithstanding, she had the humility to bury
in the obscurity of a convent in Mexico, where she silently devoted
herself for twenty-seven years to literature and religion. She died
in 1695, leaving behind many works still regarded as classics in the
language, which fill no less than three 4to. volumes, and have passed
through twelve successive editions in Spain. All, with the exception of
two, are on sacred subjects.[251]
“Infant Phenomena” of language would supply another curious and fertile
topic for inquiry—an inquiry too in a psychological point of view
eminently interesting.
Many of the great linguists enumerated in this Memoir, Pico of Mirandola,
Crichton, Martin del Rio, and several others, owed part of their
celebrity to the marvellous precociousness of their gifts. A far larger
proportion, however, of those who prematurely displayed this talent, were
cut off before it had attained any mature or healthy development.
Cancellieri[252] mentions a child named Jacopo Martino,[253] born at
Racuno, in the Venetian territory, in 1639, who not only acquired a
knowledge of Greek and Hebrew, between the age of three and seven, but
made such progress in philosophical science as successfully to maintain
a public thesis in philosophy at Rome, when no more than eight years of
age.[254] This extraordinary child, however, died of exhaustion in 1649,
before he had completed his ninth year.
It was the same for Claudio del Valle y Hernandez, a Spanish prodigy,
mentioned by the same author.
But probably the most extraordinary examples of this psychological
phenomenon upon record, occur, by a curious coincidence, almost at the
very same date in the commencement of the eighteenth century. Within
the three years, from 1719 to 1721, were born in different countries,
three children of a precociousness (even though we accept the traditions
regarding them with great deductions,) entirely without parallel in
history.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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