The life of Cardinal Mezzofanti: With an introductory memoir of eminent linguists, ancient and modernRussell, Charles William
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The life of Cardinal Mezzofanti: With an introductory memoir of eminent linguists, ancient and modern
Russell, Charles William
Linguists; Mezzofanti, Giuseppe, 1774-1849
“Well!” said Mr. Milnes, utterly overcome by the heat and glare, “this
is what you may call a—what is the German,” he added, turning to Dr.
Wiseman, “for ‘_sweltering_?’”
“‘_Schwülig_,’ of course,” suggested Mezzofanti, without a moment’s pause!
I have heard several similar anecdotes illustrating the minuteness of
his acquaintance with other languages; and when it is remembered, that
his stock of words was in great measure drawn from books, and those
generally the classics of their respective languages, it need hardly
be considered matter of surprise, that, as, in English, Lady Morgan
found “his turn of phrase and peculiar selection of words to be those
of the “Spectator,” so other foreigners have been struck by finding an
Italian model his conversational style upon the highest and most refined
standards in their respective literatures. One instance may suffice as
a specimen. Professor Carlson of the university of Upsala, who was for
a considerable time engaged in the Vatican Library, in examining the
papers of Queen Christina, and was thus thrown for weeks into constant
communication with Mezzofanti, assured my friend Mr. Wackerbarth of the
same university, that Mezzofanti spoke the language perfectly—“quite
like a native;” and that not only as regards the words, but also as
regards the accent and rhythm of the language, which is very difficult.
The Swedish and Danish languages are very much alike, though differing
widely in accent and musical character. The Professor declared, that
Mezzofanti was perfectly at home in both, as well as regards their
affinities as their differences. He added, that if there were any fault
to find with Mezzofanti’s speaking of Swedish, it was _perhaps a trifle
too grammatically accurate_: if that can be considered as a fault. This
may perhaps be better understood when explained, that in Swedish the
difference between the spoken and written language, is perhaps more
than in most languages, many words being inflected in the written,
but not in the spoken language. Thus the verb “kan,” (can,) is in the
plural, “kunna;” but in conversation the plural is “kan,” the same
as the singular. Now, from the anecdote already told regarding young
Uttini,[474] it appears that Mezzofanti was almost entirely self-taught
in Swedish; and I infer from the catalogue of his library that his course
of Swedish reading lay exclusively among the purest classics of that
language. I am informed by Mr. Wackerbarth, that Count Oxenstjerna, son
of the classical Swedish translator of Milton and Dante, who conversed
with him at Rome, found him thoroughly familiar with his father’s
works,[475] and in general critically acquainted with all the masters of
Swedish style.
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