The life of Cardinal Mezzofanti: With an introductory memoir of eminent linguists, ancient and modernRussell, Charles William
History
The life of Cardinal Mezzofanti: With an introductory memoir of eminent linguists, ancient and modern
Russell, Charles William
Linguists; Mezzofanti, Giuseppe, 1774-1849
The first student of German race at all distinguished by scholarship in
languages, was Theodore Bibliander,[122] who, besides Greek and Hebrew,
was also well versed in Arabic, and probably in many other Oriental
tongues.[123] The celebrated naturalist, Conrad Gesner, though perhaps
not so solidly versed as Bibliander, in any one language, appears to have
possessed a certain acquaintance with a greater number. His _Mithridates;
de Differentiis Linguarum_,[124] resembles in plan as well as in name,
the great work of Adelung. The number and variety of the languages which
it comprises is extraordinary for the period. It contains the Pater
Noster in twenty-two of these; and, although the observations on many of
the specimens are exceedingly brief and unsatisfactory, yet they often
exhibit much curious learning, and no mean familiarity with the language
to which they belong.[125] Gesner’s success as a linguist is the more
remarkable, inasmuch as that study by no means formed his principal
pursuit. Botany and Natural History might much better be called the real
business of his literary life. Accordingly, Beza says of him, that he
united in his person the very opposite genius of Varro and Pliny; and,
although he died at the comparatively early age of forty-nine, his works
on Natural History fill nearly a dozen folio volumes. Both Gesner and
Bibliander fell victims, one in 1564, the other in 1565, to the great
plague of the sixteenth century.
Jerome Megiser, who, towards the close of the same century compiled the
more extensive polyglot collection of Pater Nosters already referred to,
need scarcely be noticed. He is described by Adelung,[126] as a man of
various, but trivial and superficial learning.
Not so another German scholar of the same age, Jacob Christmann, of
Maintz. Christmann was no less distinguished as a philosopher than as a
linguist. He held for many years at Heidelberg the seemingly incompatible
professorships of Hebrew, Arabic, and Logic, and is described as
deeply versed in all the ancient and modern languages, as well as in
mathematical and astronomical science.[127]
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