The Life of Columbus: From His Own Letters and Journals and Other Documents of His TimeHale, Edward Everett
History
The Life of Columbus: From His Own Letters and Journals and Other Documents of His Time
Hale, Edward Everett
Columbus, Christopher, 1451-1506
It appears, therefore, that the great voyage, the most important and
successful ever made, began on Friday, the day which is said to be so
much disliked by sailors. Columbus never alludes to this superstition.
He had always meant to sail first for the Canaries, which were the most
western land then known in the latitude of his voyage. From Lisbon to
the famous city of “Quisay,” or “Quinsay,” in Asia, Toscanelli, his
learned correspondent, supposed the distance to be less than one
thousand leagues westward. From the Canary islands, on that supposition,
the distance would be ten degrees less. The distance to Cipango, or
Japan, would be much less.
As it proved, the squadron had to make some stay at the Canaries. The
rudder of the Pinta was disabled, and she proved leaky. It was
suspected that the owners, from whom she had been forcibly taken, had
intentionally disabled her, or that possibly the crew had injured her.
But Columbus says in his journal that Martin Alonso Pinzon, captain of
the Pinta, was a man of capacity and courage, and that this quieted
his apprehensions. From the ninth of August to the second of September,
nearly four weeks were spent by the Pinta and her crew at the Grand
Canary island, and she was repaired. She proved afterwards a serviceable
vessel, the fastest of the fleet. At the Canaries they heard stories of
lands seen to the westward, to which Columbus refers in his journal. On
the sixth of September they sailed from Gomera and on the eighth they
lost sight of land. Nor did they see land again for thirty-three days.
Such was the length of the great voyage. All the time, most naturally,
they were wishing for signs, not of land perhaps, but which might show
whether this great ocean were really different from other seas. On the
whole the voyage was not a dangerous one.
According to the Admiral’s reckoning--and in his own journal Columbus
always calls himself the Admiral--its length was one thousand and
eighty-nine leagues. This was not far from right, the real distance
being, in a direct line, three thousand one hundred and forty nautical
miles, or three thousand six hundred and twenty statute miles.(*) It
would not be considered a very long voyage for small vessels now. In
general the course was west. Sometimes, for special reasons, they sailed
south of west. If they had sailed precisely west they would have struck
the shore of the United States a little north of the spot where St.
Augustine now is, about the northern line of Florida.
(*) The computations from Santa Cruz, in the Canaries, to
San Salvador give this result, as kindly made for us by
Lieutenant Mozer, of the United States navy.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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