The Life of Columbus: From His Own Letters and Journals and Other Documents of His TimeHale, Edward Everett
History
The Life of Columbus: From His Own Letters and Journals and Other Documents of His Time
Hale, Edward Everett
Columbus, Christopher, 1451-1506
But the winds could change as quickly as his purposes, and now for
nearly a fortnight they had to fight a tropical tempest. At one moment
they met with a water-spout, which seemed to advance to them directly.
The sailors, despairing of human help, shouted passages from St. John,
and to their efficacy ascribed their escape. It was not until the
seventeenth that they found themselves safely in harbor. He gave to the
whole coast the name of “the coast of contrasts,” to preserve the memory
of his disappointments.
The natives proved friendly, as he had found them before; but they told
him that he would find no more gold upon the coast; that the mines were
in the country of the Veragua. It was, on the tenth day of January that,
after some delay, Columbus entered again the river of that name.
The people told him where he should find the mines, and were all ready
to send guides with his own people to point them out. He gave to this
river, the name of the River of Belen, and to the port in which he
anchored he gave the name of Santa Maria de Belen, or Bethlehem.
His men discovered the mines, so called, at a distance of eight leagues
from the port. The country between was difficult, being mountainous and
crossed by many streams. They were obliged to pass the river of Veragua
thirty-nine times. The Indians themselves were dexterous in taking out
gold. Columbus added to their number seventy-five men.
In one day’s work, they obtained “two or three castellianos” without
much difficulty. A castelliano was a gold coin of the time, and the
meaning of the text is probably that each man obtained this amount. It
was one of the “placers,” such as have since proved so productive in
different parts of the world.
Columbus satisfied himself that there was a much larger population
inland. He learned from the Indians that the cacique, as he always calls
the chief of these tribes, was a most important monarch in that region.
His houses were larger than others, built handsomely of wood, covered
with palm leaves.
The product of all the gold collected thus far is stated precisely in
the official register. There were two hundred and twenty pieces of
gold, large and small. Altogether they weighed seventy-two ounces,
seven-eighths of an ounce and one grain. Besides these were twelve
pieces, great and small, of an inferior grade of gold, which weighed
fourteen ounces, three-eighths of an ounce, and six tomienes, a tomiene
weighing one-third part of our drachm. In round numbers then, we will
say that the result in gold of this cruising would be now worth $1,500.
Columbus collected gold in this way, to make his expedition popular at
home, and he had, indeed, mortgaged the voyage, so to speak, by pledging
the pecuniary results, as a fund to bear the expense of a new crusade.
But, for himself, the prime desire was always discovery.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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