Proceeding after these remarks on the nature of motion in general to the
motion of bodies, we are told that "all local motion is either straight,
circular, or compounded of these two; for these two are the only simple
sorts of motion. Bodies are divided into simple and concrete; simple
bodies are those which have naturally a principle of motion, as fire and
earth, and their kinds. By simple motion is meant the motion of a simple
body."[125] By these expressions Aristotle did not mean that a simple
body cannot have what he calls a compound motion, but in that case he
called the motion violent or unnatural; this division of motion into
natural and violent runs through the whole of the mechanical philosophy
founded upon his principles. "Circular motion is the only one which can
be endless;"[126] the reason of which is given in another place: for
"that cannot be doing, which cannot be done; and therefore it cannot be
that a body should be moving towards a point (_i.e._ the end of an
infinite straight line) whither no motion is sufficient to bring
it."[127] Bacon seems to have had these passages in view when he
indulged in the reflections which we have quoted in page 14. "There are
four kinds of motion of one thing by another: Drawing, Pushing,
Carrying, Rolling. Of these, Carrying and Rolling may be referred to
Drawing and Pushing.[128]—The prime mover and the thing moved are
always in contact."
The principle of the composition of motions is stated very plainly:
"when a moveable is urged in two directions with motions bearing an
indefinitely small ratio to each other, it moves necessarily in a
straight line, which is the diameter of the figure formed by drawing the
two lines of direction in that ratio;"[129] and adds, in a singularly
curious passage, "but when it is urged for any time with two motions
which have an indefinitely small ratio one to another, the motion cannot
be straight, so that a body describes a curve, when it is urged by two
motions bearing an indefinitely small ratio one to another, and lasting
an indefinitely small time."[130]
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
Reviews
Reviews
No reviews yet
Be the first to share your thoughts on this work.
Elsewhere in the archive
Join the Discussion
Join the discussion
Sign in to leave a comment or review.
Sign InorCreate an account