The Life of George Stephenson and of his Son Robert Stephenson: Comprising Also a History of the Invention and Introduction of the Railway LocomotiveSmiles, Samuel
History
The Life of George Stephenson and of his Son Robert Stephenson: Comprising Also a History of the Invention and Introduction of the Railway Locomotive
He had also the advantage, about the same time, of seeing one of
Blenkinsop's Leeds engines, which was placed on the tram-way leading
from the collieries of Kenton and Coxlodge, on the 2d of September,
1813. This locomotive drew sixteen chaldron wagons, containing an
aggregate weight of seventy tons, at the rate of about three miles an
hour. George Stephenson and several of the Killingworth men were among
the crowd of spectators that day; and after examining the engine and
observing its performances, he remarked to his companions that "he
thought he could make a better engine than that, to go upon legs."
Probably he had heard of the invention of Brunton, whose patent had
by this time been published, and proved the subject of much curious
speculation in the colliery districts. Certain it is that, shortly
after the inspection of the Coxlodge engine, he contemplated the
construction of a new locomotive, which was to surpass all that had
preceded it. He observed that those engines which had been constructed
up to this time, however ingenious in their arrangements, were in a
great measure practical failures. Mr. Blackett's was as yet both clumsy
and expensive. Chapman's had been removed from the Heaton tram-way in
1812, and was regarded as a total failure. And the Blenkinsop engine at
Coxlodge was found very unsteady and costly in its working; besides, it
pulled the rails to pieces, the entire strain being upon the rack-rail
on one side of the road. The boiler, however, having shortly blown up,
there was an end of that engine, and the colliery owners did not feel
encouraged to try any farther experiment.
An efficient and economical working locomotive engine, therefore, still
remained to be invented, and to accomplish this object Stephenson now
applied himself. Profiting by what his predecessors had done, warned by
their failures and encouraged by their partial successes, he commenced
his labors. There was still wanting the man who should accomplish for
the locomotive what James Watt had done for the steam-engine, and
combine in a complete form the best points in the separate plans of
others, embodying with them such original inventions and adaptations
of his own as to entitle him to the merit of inventing the working
locomotive, as James Watt is to be regarded as the inventor of the
working condensing engine. This was the great work upon which George
Stephenson now entered, though probably without any adequate idea of
the ultimate importance of his labors to society and civilization.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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