The Life of George Stephenson and of his Son Robert Stephenson: Comprising Also a History of the Invention and Introduction of the Railway LocomotiveSmiles, Samuel
History
The Life of George Stephenson and of his Son Robert Stephenson: Comprising Also a History of the Invention and Introduction of the Railway Locomotive
In another part of his specification Trevithick described the
screw-propeller as "a screw or a number of leaves placed obliquely
round an axis similar to the vanes of a smoke-jack, which shall be made
to revolve with great speed in a line with the required motion of the
ship, or parallel to the same line of motion." In a second part of the
specification, he described a plunger or pole-engine in which the steam
worked at high-pressure. The first engine of this kind was erected by
Trevithick at Herland in 1815, but the result was not equal to his
expectations, though the principle was afterward successfully applied
by Mr. William Sims, who purchased the patent-right.
In this specification Trevithick also described a tubular boiler
of a new construction for the purpose of more rapidly producing
high-pressure steam, the heating surface being extended by constructing
the boiler of a number of small perpendicular tubes, closed at the
bottom, but all opening at the top into a common reservoir, from
whence they received their water, and into which the steam of all the
tubes was united.
While Trevithick was engaged in these ingenious projects, an event
occurred which, though it promised to issue in the most splendid
results, proved the greatest misfortune of his life. We refer to his
adventures in connection with the gold mines of Peru. Many of the
richest of them had been drowned out, the pumping machinery of the
country being incapable of clearing them of water. The districts in
which they were situated were almost inaccessible to ordinary traffic,
all transport being conducted on the backs of men or of mules. The
parts of an ordinary condensing engine were too ponderous to be carried
up these mountain heights, and it was evident that, unless some lighter
sort of engine could be employed, the mines in question must be
abandoned.
Mr. Uvillé, a Swiss gentleman interested in South American mining,
came over from Peru to England in 1811 for the purpose of making
inquiries about such an engine, but he received no encouragement. He
was about to return to Lima, in despair of accomplishing his object,
when, one day, accidentally passing a shop-window in Fitzroy Square, he
caught sight of an engine exposed for sale which immediately attracted
his attention. It was the engine constructed by Trevithick for his
first locomotive, which he had sold some years before, on the sudden
abandonment of the exhibition of its performances in London. Mr. Uvillé
was so much pleased with its construction and mode of action that he at
once purchased it and took it out with him to South America. Arrived
there, he had the engine transported across the mountains to the rich
mining district of Pasco, about a hundred miles north of Lima, to try
its effects on the highest mountain ridges.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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