In the third number the vision alters. To exaltation succeeds abasement.
We are shown the despondency, that is almost despair, of the soul
prostrate before its Lord: '_Lord, make me to know mine end, and the
number of my days what it is, that I may know how frail I am_.' The
movement opens with a baritone solo, supported by basses, drums, and
horn, which seems to crave nothing, hope for nothing. Words and melody
are, however, immediately repeated in chorus with plain harmonies that
somewhat relieve the first impressive gloom. Then there is a change. The
final cadence of the solo[25] becomes, in the chorus, a surprise cadence
upon which the baritone re-enters: '_Behold, thou hast made my days as
an handbreadth, and mine age is as nothing before thee_.' The tension
relaxes, and a note of pleading makes itself felt that is strengthened
in the choral repetition of the phrase by the movement of the
accompanying instruments. Through despondency, through resignation,
through questioning, the soul gradually rises to hope: '_Verily man at
his best state is altogether vanity. Surely every man walketh in a vain
show, surely they are disquieted in vain; he heapeth up riches, and
knoweth not who shall gather them. Now, Lord, what do I wait for?_' The
pleading becomes importunity, and the crisis is reached with the
reiteration of the last words, first in an increasing agitation, and
finally in deliberate, hushed tones that seem to challenge the Lord. The
effect that follows is, perhaps, unsurpassed in its pure loveliness
throughout the domain of sacred music. With the passage '_My hope is in
thee_' all doubt is resolved in a glow of warmth, reconciliation, and
trust, and the perfect assurance of faith, '_The souls of the righteous
are in God's hand_' becomes the subject of an accompanied choral fugue,
constructed from beginning to end upon a tonic pedal point, which
establishes the brief inspiration of the transition passage in a
protracted expression of unshakable confidence, and forms, not only the
climax of the movement, but the first climax of the entire work. In it
the soul attains to an elevation of faith from which it does not again
falter. Though sorrow may not yet be finally subdued, doubt is
conquered, and the fourth number--'_How amiable are thy dwellings, O
Lord of Hosts! My soul longeth, yea, even fainteth for the courts of the
Lord: my heart and my flesh crieth out for the living God. Blessed are
they that dwell in thy house; they will be still praising thee_'--is a
clear, melodious choral song with a flowing accompaniment, harmonized
simply, and with an occasional point of imitation, that expresses simple
affection and trust, emphasized towards the close of the movement by the
employment of increased contrapuntal resource.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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