Usher being dead (March 21, 1655-6), and also the great Selden (Nov. 20, 1654) and the venerable and learned Gataker (July 27, 1654), the following were the Englishmen of greatest literary celebrity already, or of greatest coming note in English literary history, who were alive at the midpoint of Oliver's Protectorate, and could and did then range themselves (for we exclude those of insufficient age) as his adherents on the whole, his subjects by mere compulsion, or his implacable and exiled enemies. We divide the list into groups according to that classification, as calculated for the year 1656; but the names within each group are arranged in the order of seniority:[1]-- [Footnote 1: There may be errors and omissions in the list; but, having taken some pains, I will risk it as it stands.] ADHERENTS MORE OR LESS CORDIAL. George Wither (_ætat_ 68). John Goodwin (_ætat_ 63). Edmund Calamy (_ætat_ 56). Thomas Goodwin (_ætat_ 56). John Lightfoot (_ætat_ 54). Edmund Waller (_ætat_ 51). John Rushworth (_ætat_ 49). Milton (_ætat_ 48). Benjamin Whichcote (_ætat_ 46). James Harrington (_ætat_ 45). Henry More (_ætat_ 42). John Wilkins (_ætat_ 42). John Owen (_ætat_ 40). John Wallis (_ætat_ 40). Ralph Cudworth (_ætat_ 39). Algernon Sidney (_ætat_ 39). Marchamont Needham (_ætat_ 36). Andrew Marvell (_ætat_ 36). Roger Boyle, Lord Broghill (_ætat_ 35). William Petty (_ætat_ 33). Thomas Stanley (_ætat_ 31). John Aubrey (_ætat_ 30). Robert Boyle (_ætat_ 29). John Bunyan (_ætat_ 28). Sir William Temple (_ætat_ 27). John Tillotson (_ætat_ 26). John Howe (_ætat_ 26). Edward Phillips (_ætat_ 26). John Phillips (_ætat_ 25). John Dryden (_ætat_ 25). Henry Stubbe (_ætat_ 25). John Locke (_ætat_ 24). Samuel Pepys (_ætat_ 24). Edward Stillingfleet (_ætat_ 21). SUBJECTS BY COMPULSION. Ex-Bishop Hall (died Sept. 8, 1656, _ætat_ 82). John Hales (died May 19, 1656, _ætat_ 72). Robert Sanderson (_ætat_ 69). Thomas Hobbes (_ætat_ 68). Robert Herrick (_ætat_ 65). John Hacket (_ætat_ 64). Izaak Walton (_ætat_ 63). James Shirley (_ætat_ 62). James Howell (_ætat_ 62). Gilbert Sheldon (_ætat_ 58). William Prynne (_ætat_ 56). Brian Walton (_ætat_ 56). Peter Heylin (_ætat_ 56). Jasper Mayne (_ætat_ 52). Thomas Fuller (_ætat_ 52). Edward Pocock (_ætat_ 52). Sir William Davenant (_ætat_ 51). Thomas Browne of Norwich (_ætat_ 51). William Dugdale (_ætat_ 51). Henry Hammond (_ætat_ 51). Richard Fanshawe (_ætat_ 48). Aston Cockayne (_ætat_ 48). Samuel Butler (_ætat_ 44). Jeremy Taylor (_ætat_ 43). John Cleveland (_ætat_ 43). John Pearson (_ætat_ 43). John Birkenhead (_ætat_ 41). John Denham (_ætat_ 41). Richard Baxter (_ætat_ 41). Roger L'Estrange (_ætat_ 40). Abraham Cowley (_ætat_ 38). John Evelyn (_ætat_ 36). Isaac Barrow (_ætat_ 26). Anthony Wood (_ætat_ 25). Robert South (_ætat_ 23). ACTIVE ENEMIES IN EXILE.