The Life of Lazarillo of Tormes: His Fortunes and Misfortunes as Told by HimselfAnonymous
General
The Life of Lazarillo of Tormes: His Fortunes and Misfortunes as Told by Himself
Anonymous
Picaresque literature, Spanish; Spain -- Social conditions -- 16th century -- Fiction; Spanish fiction -- Translations into English
Yet another important difference between the two novels lies in
Luna's emphasis on tying up loose ends. We know that in the
first _Lazarillo_ the protagonist leaves the blind man for dead,
not knowing what happened to him, and we never do find out
whether he survived the blow or not. Later the squire runs away
from Lazaro, and we never see him again either. The author of
the first _Lazarillo_ gives us a series of vignettes in which the
psychological interplay of the characters is stressed. The
characters fade out of Lazaro's life just as people fade in and
out of our own lives. Luna, however, was much more interested in
telling a good story--and one that has an ending. So the squire
appears, and tells what happened to him after leaving Lazaro: a
complete story in itself. He steals Lazaro's clothes and runs
off, and later we see him again--having got his just retribution
almost by pure chance. The innkeeper's daughter runs off with
her priest, and both turn up several chapters later; their
account amounts to another short story. The "innocent" girl and
the bawd disappear, then return to play a scene with Lazaro once
more, and finally they fade out, presumably to live by their wits
ever after. Related to this stress on external action is the
importance Luna gives to descriptive rather than psychological
detail. His minutely detailed descriptions of clothing are
especially noteworthy: the squire's "suit"; the gallant's
clothing as he emerges from the trunk; the costume worn by the
girl who became a gypsy. These are descriptions we do not find
in the original _Lazarillo_ because the author of that work is
much more interested in internal motivations than external
description and action.
Let us move on to another point: the social satire in the two
novels. We have seen the satire against the various classes, and
particularly against the church, in the first _Lazarillo_. And
Luna's satire has the same targets. The essential difference is
in the way the two authors handle their darts. The first
_Lazarillo_ is fairly subtle in its attacks: men are avaricious,
materialistic unscrupulous infamous--and these vices are
sometimes only very loosely connected with the church. But Luna
wants us to know definitely that the church is like this, so his
satire of the church is blunt and devastating. The Inquisition,
he tells us plainly, is corrupt, brutal, and feared throughout
all of Spain. Priests and friars are always anxious to accept a
free meal, they have mistresses, and they are less principled
than thieves. Lawyers and the entire judicial system are
corrupt. The Spaniards, Luna tells us from his position of exile
in Paris, are too proud to work, and they will become beggars
rather than perform any sort of-manual labor. Lazaro himself is
held up to us as a "mirror of Spanish sobriety." Apparently
Luna's anger about having to leave Spain had no opportunity to
mellow before he finished his novel.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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