Some confusion followed the disclosure of the absence of a quorum.
Several motions were made and withdrawn, and finally Fessenden called
for the yeas and nays on Powell's motion to adjourn. In the mean time a
quorum had been drummed up and the roll-call showed 4 yeas to 33 nays.
There was considerable noise and confusion on the floor when the result
was announced and the presiding officer (Pomeroy, of Kansas) said
quickly:
The question is on concurring in the report of the Committee of
Conference. Those in favor of concurring in the report will say
"aye"; those opposed, "no." The ayes have it. It is a vote. The
report is concurred in.
Trumbull instantly moved to take up a bill from the House relating to
public grounds in Washington City, and his motion was agreed to. Then
Powell wanted to go on with the Indemnity Bill and was informed by
Grimes that it had already passed. He denied that it had passed and
called for the yeas and nays. Trumbull claimed the floor and his claim
was sustained by the chair. Powell called it a piece of "jockeying."
After some further recrimination the Senate adjourned.
On reassembling, the question whether the bill had passed or not was
again taken up. The Senate Journal showed that it had passed, and the
question arose on a motion to correct the Journal. In the debate which
ensued it was proved that the presiding officer did actually put the
motion in the words quoted above; that, of the four Democrats who voted
on the last roll-call, none heard it; that the Democrats were in fact
filibustering against the bill, or at all events that Powell was doing
so, for he avowed that he had intended to defeat it by any means in his
power. On the other hand, there is no doubt that the passage of the
bill was accomplished by the sharp practice of Pomeroy; but it was
_damnum absque injuria_, snap judgment being no worse than
filibustering. Moreover, there is evidence that of the thirteen
Democratic Senators, only four or five were really determined to kill
the bill at all hazards. All except that number absented themselves from
the night session, while all or nearly all the Republicans remained in
their places.
The Conference Report was concurred in on the 2d of March and the bill
was approved by the President on the following day. We may infer,
therefore, that the power to suspend the writ of _habeas corpus_ resides
in the legislative branch of the Government, of which the President is a
part, and that Congress may delegate its powers to the President and
prescribe conditions and limitations to its exercise.
No legislation more wholesome was enacted during the war period. No act
of the period was more precise and lucid and less equivocal in its
terms. Yet within two months it was grossly violated by the banishment
of Clement L. Vallandigham, an ex-member of Congress from Ohio.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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