In explaining the structure of solid bodies, he is of opinion,
“that the smallest particles of matter may cohere by the strongest
attractions, and compose bigger particles of weaker virtue; and many
of these may cohere and compose bigger particles whose virtue is still
weaker; and so on for divers successions, until the progression end
in the biggest particles, on which the operations in chymistry and
the colours of natural bodies depend, and which, by adhering, compose
bodies of a sensible magnitude. If the body is compact, and bends or
yields inward to pression, without any sliding of its parts, it is
hard and elastic, returning to its figure with a force rising from the
mutual attraction of its parts. If the parts slide upon one another,
the body is malleable or soft. If they slip easily, and are of a fit
size to be agitated by heat, and the heat is big enough to keep them
in agitation, the body is fluid; and if it be apt to stick to things,
it is humid; and the drops of every fluid affect a round figure, by
the mutual attraction of their parts, as the globe of the earth and
sea affects a round figure, by the mutual attraction of its parts, by
gravity.”
Sir Isaac then supposes, that, as the attractive force of bodies can
reach but to a small distance from them, “a repulsive virtue ought
to succeed;” and he considers such a virtue as following from the
reflection of the rays of light, the rays being repelled without the
immediate contact of the reflecting body, and also from the emission of
light, the ray, as soon as it is shaken off from a shining body by the
vibrating motion of the parts of the body, getting beyond the reach of
attraction, and being driven away with exceeding great velocity by the
force of reflection.[113]
Many of the chymical views which Sir Isaac thus published in the form
of queries were in his own lifetime illustrated and confirmed by Dr.
Stephen Hales, in his book on _Vegetable Statics_,—a work of great
originality, which contains the germ of some of the finest discoveries
in modern chymistry.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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