When the motion to print and refer to the Committee on Territories
was made, Trumbull denounced the message with great energy and
at some length. He asked sneeringly what had become of the once
celebrated principle of popular sovereignty? The people of Kansas
were denied the right of voting on their Constitution at all and the
Dred Scott decision had settled that at no stage had the people of
a Territory power to interfere with slavery. The whole doctrine,
he declared, had been absolutely repudiated.
The message having been referred to the Committee on Territories
after six days' debate, on the 18th of February a bill was reported
by a majority of the Committee for the admission of Kansas into
the Union under the Lecompton Constitution and Douglas presented
a minority report protesting against it. For two weeks he was
confined to his room by sickness, but, as the day for the vote was
near, notice was given that he would speak on the 22nd of March.
On that day the Senate met at the early hour of ten. Already the
galleries were crowded. Long before noon the passages leading to
the Chamber were thronged with men and women vainly seeking admission.
In a moment of graceful gallantry the Senators admitted the ladies
to the floor. Through long hours of debate the crowd waited. The
Senate adjourned until seven o'clock, at which time Douglas was to
speak. The visitors who were lucky enough to have gained admission
waited with patient good humor for the return of the Senators, who
at last began to force their way back into the Chamber through the
dense throngs.
A little before seven the short figure of Douglas was observed at
the door and he was greeted with loud applause from the galleries.
The session resumed and he rose to speak. Cheered as he was by
the sympathy and admiration of the visitors, it was to him a stern
enough hour when he must finally break with his powerful party and
battle with his utmost strength against its cherished program. He
must attack, not Buchanan, but the organized Democracy, now more
powerfully entrenched than ever before. It controlled the President
and the Supreme Court and had bent them to its will in this precise
quarrel. The Senate was Democratic nearly two to one, and but
two of the majority followed him in his revolt. In the House the
Democrats had a majority of twenty-five.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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