His doctrinal views were of the Calvinistic type; hence in his ministry he gave much prominence to the doctrine of the universal depravity of man through the first transgression—God’s choice of his people in Christ before the world was—the co-equality of the Lord Jesus, and of the Holy Spirit with the Eternal Father—the vicarious and perfect sacrifice presented on the Cross by Jesus, the sinner’s substitute, in accordance with the conditions of the immutable covenant of grace—regeneration by the sovereign grace of God—justification by the imputed righteousness of Christ—sanctification progressive under the guidance of the eternal spirit, and producing holiness of heart and life—the certain perseverance of all the saint of God to eternal glory—the resurrection of the dead and eternal judgment. He, however, held these sentiments as being in perfect harmony with the full and free proclamation of the gospel to every creature, and with the obligations resting upon all who hear the gospel, to repent of their sins and embrace its rich and ample provisions. Firmly did he advocate the right of private judgment, calling upon all to examine for themselves the Holy Scriptures of the Old and New Testament, as constituting the only rule of faith and practice, and as the book that will judge us at the last day. In the advocacy of these sentiments, both in public and in private, he was bold, zealous and persevering; but he at the same tie cherished towards the pious of every name who differed from him, christian love and good will.