The Life of Tolstoy: First Fifty Years: Fifth EditionMaude, Aylmer
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The Life of Tolstoy: First Fifty Years: Fifth Edition
Maude, Aylmer
Tolstoy, Leo, graf, 1828-1910
We drew figures from the blackboard in the following way: I first
drew a horizontal or a vertical line, dividing it into parts by
dots, and the pupils copied this line. Then I drew another or
several perpendicular or sloping lines, standing in a certain
relation to the first, and similarly divided up. Then we joined
the dots of these different lines by others (straight or curved),
and formed some symmetrical figure which, as it was gradually
evolved, was copied by the boys. It seemed to me that this was a
good plan: first, because the boy clearly saw the whole process of
the formation of the figure, and secondly, because his perception
of the co-relation of lines was developed by this drawing from the
board, much better than by copying drawings or designs....
It is nearly always useless to hang up a large complete picture
or figure, because a beginner is quite at a loss before it, as he
would be before an object from nature. But the growth of the figure
before his eyes has an important meaning. In this case the pupil
sees the backbone and skeleton of the drawing on which the body is
subsequently formed. The pupils were always called on to criticise
the lines and their relation, as I drew them. I often purposely
drew them wrong, to find out in how far their judgment of the
co-relation and incorrectness of the lines had been developed. Then
again, when I was drawing my figure I asked the boys where they
thought the next line should be added; and I even made one or other
of them invent the shape of the figure himself.
In this way I not only aroused a more lively interest, but got the
boys to participate freely in the formation and development of
the figures; and this prevented the question. Why? which boys so
naturally put when they are set to draw from copies.
The ease or difficulty with which it was understood, and the more
or less interest evoked, chiefly influenced the choice of the
method of instruction; and I often quite abandoned what I had
prepared for the lesson, merely because it was dull or foreign to
the boys.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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