This attitude has been explained by saying that the Greeks, having no
gift for introspection, took always an objective view of life, but such a
formula hardly accounts for all the illustrations of magnanimity. When
Athens was in her glory, for example, it was only the public buildings
that were glorious; no individual, not even Pericles himself, thought of
putting Phidias to decorate his private home. Again, in the _Antigone_
Sophocles is introspective enough—as introspective as Euripides or Ibsen
himself—but the introspection is concerned with the general theme of
piety, of one’s duty to blood relations, not at all with the love story
of Antigone. She was betrothed to the son of the king who condemned her
to death, and the fact proves tragic for the son and for the king, but
the love of the two young people is their private business, and the poet
therefore does not let his heroine discuss the problem of piety from that
point of view.
It was the genius of Shakespeare and of Molière, even in comedy, to
preserve the same decorum. They show us those aspects of man’s fortune
which are of interest to all men; of course we are free to fill in the
gaps according to our taste in gossip, but the dramatist awakens our
feelings and calls our attention only to general experiences and common
wisdom. In Shakespeare, _Measure for Measure_ is a good example, a noble
tragedy and a decent play. It is less glorious than the _Antigone_,
obviously, since it shows human nature resisting temptation rather than
establishing an ideal, but the grimness of its subject and the fact
that it portrays an indecent character do not make it indecent, as some
critics think. Its power is its probing into general truths of life,
chiefly into the capriciousness of temptation where sex is concerned, and
into the various forms of the fear of death.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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