Celtic literature -- History and criticism; Ireland -- In literature
With Alexander they kept their pledge, but in 280 B.C., when another
king ruled Macedonia, they over-ran his territories, slew him in battle,
and pillaged the temple of Delphi itself—an act of vandalism so shocking
to the Greeks that it roused their patriotism to such a pitch that they
were able to repulse the enemy in the neighbouring gorges.
Thus compelled to evacuate Greece, the Celts invaded Asia Minor in 278
B.C., and established there the well-known colony of Galatia. It was to
their descendants that St. Paul addressed his trenchant epistle, and the
words, “O foolish Galatians, who hath druided you?”
For six centuries after they continued to speak their language there, so
that St. Paul must have heard one dialect at least of the ancient
tongue.
It may surprise students of the classics to learn that the Celts claim
Hercules as one of their own potentates. In an old Gaelic MS. in the
Advocates’ Library, Edinburgh, we find the renowned hero figuring thus:
“Ercoill mac Amphitrionis, mhic Antestis, mhic Andlis, mhic Mitonis,
mhic Festime, mhic Athol, mhic Gregais, mhic Gomer, mhic Jafed, mhic
Noe”—a truly wonderful genealogy, tracing him up to Noah through the
Cymric Gomer.
The Greek version of the myth is interesting. It tells how Hercules, on
his expedition against Geryon, turned aside into Gaul and married there
a handsome Gaulish lady, by whom he had a son, Galates. This Galates,
surpassing all his countrymen in strength and prowess, led the way to
conquest, and exercising a wide sway, his territory and subjects
eventually came to be named after him—the one Galatia, the other Galatæ.
In whatever way the classic story originated, it is matter of history
that after the Celtic invasion of Greece, Galatæ became the popular
Greek name for the people hitherto known as κελτοι, even as Galli was
the favourite Roman one.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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