In the tendency of the times there is undoubtedly the danger of leveling men, of uniformizing their culture, consequently of externalizing their culture. Nietzsche’s aversion to this tendency is understandable, and is well worth laying to heart. For example, religion ecclesiasticized is disspiritualized; morals conventionalized are degraded; so is art; so is even science, as is seen in the “science made easy” cults and courses. Nietzsche made it the special business of his life to dam back this current in the affairs of our modern world. To him, the preaching of the equality of all men was the most dangerous lie of the last century. Therefore, he preached the inequality of all men; required of men that they should not be ironed out to the same smoothness, that they should not all be hand and glove with each other, but on the contrary, that they should be aware of their manifold inequalities, keep their distances, and that thus great and small might be clear as to their real differences. _Not_ liberty, equality, fraternity, but the _Eigenheit_, the peculiarity, the uniqueness, the _own-ness_ of the human personality, the right of man to his _Eigenheit_, the pleasure in its unfolding and formation—this was to be the watchword of the new culture. This was what Nietzsche required. He based his requirement upon the fact that every man is an unrepeatable miracle. He never was before, he never will be again, except in his own self. This fact is almost self-evident. It must be kept in mind especially when we place a man into relation with his surroundings. A man cannot possibly be explained merely as a result of his environment. No man can be so explained, least of all a superior individual who has awakened to a self-conscious life, of distinctive personality, and who is inwardly aware of the mystery of his own person. Here scientific inquiry, with its descriptions and explanations, halts. At this point science ceases and we must resort to intuition and interpretation of life’s deepest mysteries.