The London pleasure gardens of the eighteenth centuryWroth, Warwick William
History
The London pleasure gardens of the eighteenth century
Wroth, Warwick William
London (England) -- History -- 18th century; Parks -- England -- London -- History
The Rural Downs, at least in the earlier days of Vauxhall, were covered
with turf and interspersed with firs, cypresses and cedars. On one
of the little eminences was a leaden statue of Milton[335] seated,
listening to music, and at night-time the great Bard was illuminated
by lamps. Here were also the Musical Bushes where a subterraneous
band used to play fairy music till about the middle of the eighteenth
century when this romantic entertainment ceased, “the natural damp of
the earth being found prejudicial to the instruments.”
The Wildernesses were formed by lofty trees and were (about 1753)
the verdant abode of various “feathered minstrels, who in the most
delightful season of the year ravish the ears of the company with their
harmony.”
The orchestra, open in the front, stood, facing the west, in the centre
of what was called The Grove, a quadrangle of about five acres formed
by the Grand, Cross, and South Walks and by the remaining side of the
garden.
On each side of this quadrangle were the supper-boxes and pavilions,
placed in long rows or arranged in a semi-circular sweep. These were
decorated, about 1742, with paintings chiefly by Francis Hayman.
Hogarth allowed his “Four Times of the Day” to be copied by Hayman for
the boxes, and is said to have given Tyers the idea of brightening
Vauxhall with paintings. It is doubtful if any of the pictures in the
boxes can be traced directly to his hand, though an undoubted Hogarth,
“Henry VIII. and Anne Boleyn” was presented by the artist to Tyers and
hung in the Rotunda. The pictures in the boxes chiefly represented
scenes in popular comedies and a number of common sports and pastimes
such as the play of seesaw, the play of cricket, the humorous diversion
of sliding on the ice, leap-frog, and the country dance round the
maypole. Some of the larger boxes, denominated temples and
pavilions, were more elaborately designed and decorated. Such were the
Temple of Comus (in the semi-circle of boxes on the left of the garden)
and the Turkish Tent behind the orchestra.
[Illustration:
_The Inside of the Elegant Music Room in VAUX HALL
GARDENS._
_Le dedans du Concert Elegant aux Jardins du VAUX HALL._
THE ROTUNDA (MUSIC ROOM), VAUXHALL, 1752.]
Roubillac’s celebrated marble statue of Handel, as Orpheus, stood in
various positions in the gardens (sometimes under cover) from 1738 to
1818.[336]
The principal structure was the Rotunda, entered through a colonnade to
the left of the Grand Walk. It was a circular building, seventy feet
in diameter, elegantly fitted up and containing an orchestra in which
the band performed on wet evenings. When first opened it was known as
the New Music Room or the Great Room, and in early days was nicknamed
the Umbrella from the shape of the roof. With the Rotunda was connected
a long room, known as the Saloon, or the Picture Room. This projected
into the gardens, parallel to the Grove.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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